Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pléth₂us

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    From *pleth₂- (“flat”) +‎ *-us (Caland system suffix).

    Adjective

    *pléth₂us[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

    1. flat, broad

    Inflection

    Older proterokinetic pattern:

    Athematic, proterokinetic
    masculine feminine
    nominative *pléth₂us *pl̥th₂éwih₂
    genitive *pl̥th₂éws *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s
    masculine singular dual plural
    nominative *pléth₂us *pléth₂uh₁(e) *pléth₂ewes
    vocative *pléth₂u *pléth₂uh₁(e) *pléth₂ewes
    accusative *pléth₂um *pléth₂uh₁(e) *pléth₂ums
    genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
    ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂úmos, *pl̥th₂úbʰos
    dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂úmos, *pl̥th₂úbʰos
    locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂úsu
    instrumental *pl̥th₂úh₁ *? *pl̥th₂úmis, *pl̥th₂úbʰis
    feminine singular dual plural
    nominative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
    vocative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
    accusative *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥s
    genitive *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂oHom
    ablative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰos
    dative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂ey *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰos
    locative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂i *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂su
    instrumental *pl̥th₂uyéh₂h₁ *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mis, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰis
    neuter singular dual plural
    nominative *pléth₂u *pléth₂wih₁ *pléth₂uh₂
    vocative *pléth₂u *pléth₂wih₁ *pléth₂uh₂
    accusative *pléth₂u *pléth₂wih₁ *pléth₂uh₂
    genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
    ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂úmos, *pl̥th₂úbʰos
    dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂úmos, *pl̥th₂úbʰos
    locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂úsu
    instrumental *pl̥th₂úh₁ *? *pl̥th₂úmis, *pl̥th₂úbʰis

    Later hysterokinetic pattern:

    Athematic, hysterokinetic
    masculine feminine
    nominative *pl̥th₂ús *pl̥th₂éwih₂
    genitive *pl̥th₂éws *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s
    masculine singular dual plural
    nominative *pl̥th₂ús *pl̥th₂úh₁(e) *pl̥th₂úes
    vocative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úh₁(e) *pl̥th₂úes
    accusative *pl̥th₂úm *pl̥th₂úh₁(e) *pl̥th₂úms
    genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
    ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwmos, *pl̥th₂éwbʰos
    dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂éwmos, *pl̥th₂éwbʰos
    locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂éwsu
    instrumental *pl̥th₂éwh₁ *? *pl̥th₂éwmis, *pl̥th₂éwbʰis
    feminine singular dual plural
    nominative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
    vocative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
    accusative *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥s
    genitive *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂oHom
    ablative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰos
    dative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂ey *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰos
    locative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂i *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂su
    instrumental *pl̥th₂uyéh₂h₁ *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mis, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰis
    neuter singular dual plural
    nominative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úyh₁ *pl̥th₂úh₂
    vocative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úyh₁ *pl̥th₂úh₂
    accusative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úyh₁ *pl̥th₂úh₂
    genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
    ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwmos, *pl̥th₂éwbʰos
    dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂éwmos, *pl̥th₂éwbʰos
    locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂éwsu
    instrumental *pl̥th₂éwh₁ *? *pl̥th₂éwmis, *pl̥th₂éwbʰis

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Armenian: (+ Old Armenian յ- (y-))
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *platús (with unexpected *o-grade) (see there for further descendants)
    • (perhaps) Proto-Germanic: *flataz (“flat”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *plətús
      • Ancient Greek: πλᾰτύς (platús) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥tʰúš (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*pleth₂-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 564-566
    2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, pages 83, 133, 539
    3. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “flata-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 145
    4. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “platus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
    5. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*flitano-, *flitawī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 135
    6. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πλατύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1205
    7. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “yałtʿ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 487-488
    8. ^ West, M. L. (2007) Indo-European Poetry and Myth, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 178–179
    9. ^ cf. also Calin, Didier (2017) “earth”, in Dictionary of Indo-European Poetic and Religious Themes (Linguistique; 3), Les Cent Chemins, →ISBN, pages 74–76, s.v. “BROAD EARTH — PIE *pálhi/pláthu/wéru dʰég̑ʰōm”
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