Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/preh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *per- (“before”).

Root

*preh₂-

1. before, in front

Derived terms

• *préh₂-i (“before”, locative) or *pr̥h₂-ey
  • Proto-Italic: *prāi or *prai
    • Latin: prae, prae- (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *praiteros (< *préh₂i + *-teros)
    • Latin: praeter (see there for further descendants)
• *pr̥h₂-ey
  • Proto-Hellenic: *pərai
    • Ancient Greek: παραί (paraí), παρά (pará), πάρα (pára), πάρ (pár)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hay
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hay
      • Sanskrit: पुरे (pure)
• *pr̥h₂-i (zero-grade locative)
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸare < *ɸari (-e is secondary) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *furi (see there for further descendants)
• *pr̥h₂-ó
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀞𐀫 (pa-ro)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hā́
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hā́
      • Sanskrit: पुरा (purā́)
• *pr̥h₂-ós
  • Proto-Albanian: *par-
    • Albanian: parë
  • Proto-Albanian:
    • Albanian: pris
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: πάρος (páros, “earlier, before”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hás
      • Sanskrit: पुरस् (purás, “before, forwards”) (see there for further descendants)
• *pr̥h₂-oy
  • Proto-Germanic: *furai (see there for further descendants)
• *pr̥h₂-wó-s
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: հարաւ (haraw) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pírˀwas
    • Proto-Slavic: *pь̀rvъ
  • Proto-Germanic: *furwōstaz, *furwistaz
    • Old English: forwost, forwest
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hwás
  • Proto-Tocharian: *pä́rwë
    • Tocharian A: pärwat
    • Tocharian B: pärweṣṣe
• *pr̥h₂-yós- ~ *pr̥h₂-is- (comparative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *furizô, *furistaz (see there for further descendants)

References