Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/ráwgnah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwgʰnas, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *réwgʰ-no-s (“cream”), from *rewgʰ- +‎ *-nos, from *rew- (“to tear, dig, churn”).^[1] Possible cognate with Proto-Germanic *raumaz.

Noun

*ráwgnah m^[2]

butter, oil

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ráwgnah	*ráwgnā	*ráwgnā
vocative	*ráwgna	*ráwgnā	*ráwgnā
accusative	*ráwgnam	*ráwgnā	*ráwgnānh
instrumental	*ráwgnā	*ráwgnaybyaH	*ráwgnāyš
ablative	*ráwgnāt	*ráwgnaybyaH	*ráwgnaybyah
dative	*ráwgnāy	*ráwgnaybyaH	*ráwgnaybyah
genitive	*ráwgnahya	*ráwgnayāh	*ráwgnānam
locative	*ráwgnay	*ráwgnayaw	*ráwgnayšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬖𐬥𐬀 m (raoγna)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian:
  - Khotanese: (rrūṇa)
  - Wakhi: rūɣ̌n, rūɣ̌ən
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Bactrian:
    Manichaean script: 𐫡𐫇𐫃𐫗 (rwgn)
  - Khwarezmian: (rγy̆n)
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian: (rwγn /⁠rṓγᵊn⁠/)
    - Yagnobi: (rū́γⁱn), (rū́γan), (rū́γna)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: روغن (roğán)
- Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
  - Ishkashimi: (reɣn), (ɣun)
  - Sanglechi: (rōɣ)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *rūɣn
  - Proto-Munji-Yidgha: *rūɣn
    - Munji: (rūɣn)
    - Yidgha: (rūɣən)
  - Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *rūɣn
    - Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *rūɣn
      - Sarikoli: rɛwn
      - Shughni: рӯған (rūɣan)
        ⇒ Shughni: рӯнхaх̌ч (rūnxax̌č), ру̊нхaх̌ч (rū̊nxax̌č)
    - Yazghulami: роғн (roɣn)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: ڕۆن (ron)
  
  Northern Kurdish: rûn
  
  Southern Kurdish: رۊن (rün)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian:
  - Caspian:
    - Mazanderani: راغون (rağun)
  - Parthian:
    Manichaean script: 𐫡𐫇𐫃𐫗 (rwgn /⁠rōγn⁠/)
    - → Middle Persian:
      Book Pahlavi script: (lwkn' /⁠rōγn⁠/)
      - Classical Persian: رَوْغَن (rawğan)
        Dari: روغَن (rōğan)
        Iranian Persian: رَوغَن (rowğan)
        Tajik: равған (ravġan)
        → Gujarati: રોગાન (rogān)
        → Hindustani:
        Hindi: रौग़न (rauġan)
        Urdu: رَوغَن (rauġan)
        → Ottoman Turkish: روغن (revgan, rugan)
        Turkish: rugan
      - Lurish:
      Northern Luri: رغۏ (reğö)
      
      Silakhori: رۋغۏ (rüğö)
      
      Bakhtiari: رۏغن (röğen)
      
      Southern Luri: رۏغن (röğen)
  - Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
    - Gurani: ڕۋەن (řiʋan)
    - Zazaki: ruwen

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “reugh-m(e)n-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 873
^ Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 183

[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “reugh-m(e)n-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 873

[2] Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 183

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