Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/teru

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

The Western Old Japanese descendant is irregular, as *tiru would be expected instead of teru. However, the Proto-Japonic form is undoubtedly *teru, as evidenced by the Eastern Old Japanese reflex (c.f. *esoy (“stone”)), not **tiaru or **tairu. The Proto-Ryukyuan reflex is certainly *teri, after the Ryukyuan reflexes.

• c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3561:

  可奈刀田乎 / 安良我伎麻由美 / 比賀刀礼婆 / 阿米乎万刀能須 / 伎美乎等麻刀母

  kanato₁da wo / aragaki₁mayumi₁ / pi₁ ga to₁reba / ame₂ wo mato₁ no₂su / ki₁mi₁ wo to₂ mato₁ mo

  am waiting for lord like waiting for the rain when the sun is shining while looking at the paddy of the metal gate through the spaces in the rough fence!^[1]

See also Wiktionary:About Proto-Japonic#Unraised medial vowels.

*teru (infinitive *teri)

1. to shine

• Eastern Old Japanese: 照る (to₁ru, spelled 刀礼 (to₁re))
• Old Japanese: 照る (teru)
  • Japanese: 照る (teru)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *teri
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kunigami: 照ん (thin)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: 照るり (θïruri)
    • Okinawan: 照ゆん (tiyun)
    • Okinoerabu: 照ゆん (θiyun)
    • Tokunoshima: 照るい (θirui)
    • Yoron: 照ゆん (tiyun)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 照ーㇲ゙ (tīz)
    • Yaeyama: 照るん (tirun)
    • Yonaguni: 照るん (tirun)

• Japanese 照(て)らす (terasu)