Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/c̣₁ero-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*c̣₁ero-

1. crane (Grus spp.)

Uncertain; Svan descendant is variously glossed as crow or stork. Technically it could rather be a descendant of Proto-Kartvelian *ḳwer- instead.}}

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • Old Georgian: მწეროჲ (mc̣eroy)
    • Georgian: წერო (c̣ero)
      • → Bats: წჵერაჼ (c̣'erã), წჵვერაჼ (c̣'verã)
      • → Mingrelian: წერო (c̣ero), ნწერო (nc̣ero)
      • → Svan: წა̈̄რუ̂ (c̣ǟrû), წა̈̄უ̂რ (c̣ǟûr)
  • Zan: *č̣aro-
    • → Middle Georgian: ჭარო (č̣aro, literally “looks similar to hawk, sits down on trees, grabs fish and eats it”) (obsolete)
    • →? Old Georgian: ჭაჰრი (č̣ahri)
• >? Svan: ჭო̈̄რ (č̣ȫr, “crow; stork (Ciconia spp.)”), ჭუ̂ე̄რ (č̣ûēr), ჭუ̂ერ (č̣ûer), ჭერ (č̣er) (← *ჭერუ̂ (*č̣erû) ← ჭერო (č̣ero))

• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 309, reconstructs Proto-Georgian-Zan without the connection to Svan
• Čuxua, Merab (2009) “Damaṭebiti masalebi saertokartveluri puʒe-enis leksiḳuri pondisatvis [The Additional Materials for the Commonkartvelian Proto-language Lexical Fund]”, in Kartvelur enata sṭrukṭuris saḳitxebi (in Georgian), number 10, Tbilisi: Universali, page 229 of 227–250, adds the Svan word
• Saɣliani, Medea (2016) Važa Šengelia, editor, Svanuri enis sṭrukṭuris saḳitxebi [On the Structure of the Svan language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN, page 429, glosses Svan as crow

• Климов, Г. А. (1994) Древнейшие индоевропеизмы картвельских языков [The Oldest Indo-Europeanisms in Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nasledie, →ISBN, pages 162–163, follows Rogava and considers this root to have been borrowed from an Proto-Indo-European source, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely; crane”)
• Thorsø, Rasmus (2022) “A New Look at Old Armenisms in Kartvelian”, in Armeniaca‎, volume 1, pages 106–107
• Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, pages 76-78