Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔiš-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Noun
*ʔiš- f
Inflection
Declension of *ʔiš-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʔišum | *ʔišāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʔišim | *ʔišayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʔišam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʔišī / *ʔišVya | — | *ʔišVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʔišVka | *ʔišVkumā / *ʔišVkumay | *ʔišVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʔišVki | *ʔišVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʔišVšu | *ʔišVšumā / *ʔišVšumay | *ʔišVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʔišVša | *ʔišVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔišuya for nom. case, *ʔišiya for gen. case, *ʔišaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔiš-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔiš-
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Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒉈 (išātum)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- Modern South Arabian
- Soqotri: ڛياط (ŝiyáṭ)
References
- Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN