Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gajь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Of onomatopoeic nature, from the call *ga! + *-jь. Related to Proto-Slavic *gajati (“to caw, to croak”), from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾eH-. Akin to Lithuanian gáida (“melody”).
Noun
*gajь m
- squeak (high-pitch call)
Alternative forms
- *gaja f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *gajь | *gaja | *gaji |
| genitive | *gaja | *gaju | *gajь |
| dative | *gaju | *gajema | *gajemъ |
| accusative | *gajь | *gaja | *gaję̇ |
| instrumental | *gajьmь, *gajemь* | *gajema | *gaji |
| locative | *gaji | *gaju | *gajixъ |
| vocative | *gaju | *gaja | *gaji |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *gajьno (“gaggle, flock of birds”)
- *gajьvornь/*gavornъ (“raven, corbie”)
- *gakati (“to croak”)
- *gavati (“to bark, to cause commotion”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гай”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gajь II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 86
- гаївка in Горох.ua (Етимологія)
Etymology 2
Per Vasmer and Trubachev, most likely from a long-grade ablaut of *gojiti (“to nurture, heal”) + *-ъ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Perhaps originally meaning thicket or protected, safe spot. Berneker alternatively proposes a derivation from Proto-Slavic *gati (“to pass, to go”), presumably from an earlier meaning place where one can pass through.
Noun
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *gãjь | *gājà | *gājì |
| genitive | *gājà | *gājù | *gãjь |
| dative | *gājù | *gājèma | *gãjemъ |
| accusative | *gãjь | *gājà | *gāję̇̀ |
| instrumental | *gājь̀mь, *gājèmь* | *gājèma | *gãji |
| locative | *gājì | *gājù | *gãjixъ |
| vocative | *gaju | *gājà | *gājì |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *gajiti (“to nourish, to bring up, to feed, to supply, to secure, to protect”)
- Czech: hájit
- *zagajь, *gajьna (“thicket”)
- *gajьka (“nut, thread”) (possibly)
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: gāj (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Lithuanian: gõjus
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гай”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gajь I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 85
- “gojus”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė , 2007–2012
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gajь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (RPT 99)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “gaj”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*gajь̏”