Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gorьkъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *goře (“sorrow, grief”) + *-ьkъ.
Adjective
- bitter (for taste)
- (figurative) sorrowful (for situation, emotion)
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *gorьkъ | *gorьka | *gorьko |
| genitive | *gorьka | *gorьky | *gorьka |
| dative | *gorьku | *gorьkě | *gorьku |
| accusative | *gorьkъ | *gorьkǫ | *gorьko |
| instrumental | *gorьkomь | *gorьkojǫ | *gorьkomь |
| locative | *gorьkě | *gorьkě | *gorьkě |
| vocative | *gorьke | *gorьko | *gorьko |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *gorьka | *gorьkě | *gorьkě |
| genitive | *gorьku | *gorьku | *gorьku |
| dative | *gorьkoma | *gorьkama | *gorьkoma |
| accusative | *gorьka | *gorьkě | *gorьkě |
| instrumental | *gorьkoma | *gorьkama | *gorьkoma |
| locative | *gorьku | *gorьku | *gorьku |
| vocative | *gorьka | *gorьkě | *gorьkě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *gorьki | *gorьky | *gorьka |
| genitive | *gorьkъ | *gorьkъ | *gorьkъ |
| dative | *gorьkomъ | *gorьkamъ | *gorьkomъ |
| accusative | *gorьky | *gorьky | *gorьka |
| instrumental | *gorьky | *gorьkami | *gorьky |
| locative | *gorьkěxъ | *gorьkaxъ | *gorьkěxъ |
| vocative | *gorьki | *gorьky | *gorьka |
Derived terms
Related terms
- *gorěti (“to burn”)
- *žarъkъ (“fervent, scorching”)
- *gořьjь (“worse”) (technically the comparative degree of *gȍrьkъ)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “го́рький”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gorьkъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 55
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “горък”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 266
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gorьkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180: “adj. o (c) ‘bitter’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gor(ъkъ)”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c bitter (PR 138)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “górek”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*gȍrьkъ”