Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/měra
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mḗˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-reh₂, from *meh₁- (“to measure”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek μῆτις (mêtis, “plan, ruse”), Old English mǣþ (“measure”), Sanskrit माति (mā́ti), मिमाति (mímāti, “to measure, to assign”), मात्रा (mā́trā, “measure”), Latin mētior (“to measure”), Albanian mat, mas (“to measure”).
Noun
Inflection
Declension of *mě̀ra (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *mě̀ra | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ry |
| genitive | *mě̀ry | *mě̀ru | *mě̀rъ |
| dative | *mě̀rě | *mě̀rama | *mě̀ramъ |
| accusative | *mě̀rǫ | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ry |
| instrumental | *mě̀rojǫ, *mě̀rǭ** | *mě̀rama | *mě̀ramī |
| locative | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ru | *mě̀rasъ, *mě̀raxъ* |
| vocative | *mě̀ro | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ry |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *mě̀riti (“to measure”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Separate borrowings:
- → Hungarian: mera
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ме́ра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “ме́ра”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 524
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*měra”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 178
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mě̀ra”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 312: “f. ā (a) ‘measure’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “měra”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; RPT 109)”