Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From *reťi (“to speak, say”) +‎ *-ъ, with semantic development "speech" > "fate" > "time, year" similar to that seen in Latin fātum. Cognate with Old Lithuanian rãkas (“time, limit, end”), Latvian raks (“goal, limit”), which are probably borrowed from Slavic.

*rȍkъ m

1. time, term
2. (North Slavic) year

• *obrokъ
• *sъrokъ

• *rečenьcь (“term, deadline”)

• *vetъxъ
• *godъ (“suitable time”)
• *jaro (“spring”), *vesna
• *lěto (“summer; year”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: рокъ (rokŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: рокъ (rok)
      • Belarusian: рок (rok) (dated)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: рук (ruk)
      • Ukrainian: рік (rik)
    • Russian: рок (rok)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: рокъ (rokŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⱃⱁⰽⱏ (rokŭ)

  • Macedonian: рок (rok)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ро̏к

    Latin script: rȍk

    • Kajkavian (Bednja): rȅk
  • Slovene: rọ̑k (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: rok
    • Czech: rok
  • Old Polish: rok
    • Polish: rok
    • Silesian: rok
  • Old Slovak: rok
    • Pannonian Rusyn: рок (rok)
    • Slovak: rok
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: rok
    • Slovincian: rôk
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: rok

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “рок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “рок”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa