Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slьza
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
Etymology
Considered a deverbative of *slьzati (“to slip, to slide”), ultimately a form of the root Proto-Indo-European *sleydʰ- (“to slide, to lick”). As such, the semantic development has been "something that slips, slides" > "tear, (tear)drop". Related to *slizь (“slime, mucus”), compare Middle Low German slik (“slime”), German schlickern (“to slip”), Middle High German slich (“clay, silt”). Also compare Lithuanian šlusti (“to clean, to sweep”), šlakėti (“to drip”), Latvian slota (“broom”); Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjati, “discharge, emit”), Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀 (sraska, “tear”), Persian سرشک (serešk, “teardrop”).
For *slizь relation, compare typologically Mongolian нулимс (nulims) likely related to or influenced by нус (nus).
Noun
- tear (drop)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *slьzà | *slь̏zě | *slь̏zy |
| genitive | *slьzý | *slьzù | *slь̀zъ |
| dative | *slьzě̀ | *slьzàma | *slьzàmъ |
| accusative | *slь̏zǫ | *slь̏zě | *slь̏zy |
| instrumental | *slьzojǫ́ | *slьzàma | *slьzàmi |
| locative | *slь̏zě | *slьzù | *slьzàsъ, *slьzàxъ* |
| vocative | *slьzo | *slь̏zě | *slь̏zy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 567
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “слеза́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2008), “сляза́”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы (in Belarusian), volumes 12 (свабо́да – стэ́сам), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сльоза́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 311
- Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “сълза̀”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 663
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “slьza slьzy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c tåre (PR 138)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “sọ́lza”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*slьza̋”