Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stopa
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Unclear; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tep- (“to trample”) (whence also *tepti (“to beat”), *stepь (“steppe”)) or *(s)temp- (“to stamp”) (whence *stǫpa (“piston, mortar”)) with irregular loss of nasalization. Compare Proto-Germanic *stappōną (“to walk”).
Vasmer, Ivanov additionally consider potential relation to Sanskrit स्थापयति (sthāpayati, “to uphold, to set up”) (< *sth₂- + *-op-), which has been alternatively compared with South Slavic *stopanъ (“landlord”), Lithuanian pãstapas (“column, stand”), stapýti (“to stand still”).
Noun
Inflection
Declension of *stopà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *stopà | *stòpě | *stopỳ |
| genitive | *stopỳ | *stopù | *stòpъ |
| dative | *stopě̀ | *stopàma | *stopàmъ |
| accusative | *stopǫ̀ | *stòpě | *stopỳ |
| instrumental | *stopòjǫ, *stòpǫ** | *stopàma | *stopàmī |
| locative | *stopě̀ | *stopù | *stopàsъ, *stopàxъ* |
| vocative | *stopo | *stòpě | *stopỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
noun
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “стопа́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стопанин”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 477
- “stapýtis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “stopa stopy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b fod(spor) (PR 135)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “stopa”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *stopa̋”