PIE word |
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*swé |
From *svobь, from Proto-Indo-European *swo-bʰo-/*swe-bʰo- (synchronically derived from *svojь), + *-oda. Same extension in Latvian atsvabināt (“to free”), Old Prussian subs, Proto-Germanic *swēbaz m, *sibjō f, Latin Sabīnī, Sabellī, Samnium. For the suffix cf. *agoda.
*svobodà f
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *svobodà | *svȍbodě | *svȍbody |
genitive | *svobodý | *svobodù | *svobòdъ |
dative | *svobodě̀ | *svobodàma | *svobodàmъ |
accusative | *svȍbodǫ | *svȍbodě | *svȍbody |
instrumental | *svobodojǫ́ | *svobodàma | *svobodàmi |
locative | *svȍbodě | *svobodù | *svobodàsъ, *svobodàxъ* |
vocative | *svobodo | *svȍbodě | *svȍbody |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *svobodà | *svobòdě | *svobodỳ |
genitive | *svobodỳ | *svobodù | *svobòdъ |
dative | *svobodě̀ | *svobodàma | *svobodàmъ |
accusative | *svobodǫ̀ | *svobòdě | *svobodỳ |
instrumental | *svobodòjǫ, *svobòdǫ** | *svobodàma | *svobodàmī |
locative | *svobodě̀ | *svobodù | *svobodàsъ, *svobodàxъ* |
vocative | *svobodo | *svobòdě | *svobodỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Some forms feature dissimilation u̯…b > l…b.