Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/věděti

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *waid-, *waistei, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyde (“to have seen, to know”), perfect of *weyd- (“to see”). Cognate with Old Prussian waist (“to know”) (waidimai class 1p. pl.), Ancient Greek οἶδα (oîda), Proto-Germanic *witaną (whence English wit).

Verb

*vě̀děti impf[1][2][3]

  1. to know, to be familiar/aware of
  2. to foresee

Alternative forms

Conjugation

Conjugation of *věděti, *vědě, *věstь (impf., athematic -ě/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*věděnьje *věděti *vědětъ *vědělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *věděnъ *vědomъ
Active *věděvъ *vědy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *věděxъ *vědě *vědě *vě(mь/dě) *věsi *věstь
Dual *věděxově *věděsta *věděste *věvě *věsta *věste
Plural *věděxomъ *věděste *věděšę *věmъ *věste *vědętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *věděaxъ *věděaše *věděaše — *věďь *věďь
Dual *věděaxově *věděašeta *věděašete *vědivě *vědita —
Plural *věděaxomъ *věděašete *věděaxǫ *vědimъ *vědite —

There is partial evidence that *věsti ~ *věděti originally had a different set of inflectional endings from the standardly used active endings. Only 1p. sg. *vědě[4][5] is securely attested, e.g. as part of:

Old Church Slavonic азъ боукꙑ вѣдѣ глаголити добро (azŭ buky vědě glagoliti dobro, “I know to speak letters well”)

which is formed by the names of the first five letters of the Glagolitic/Cyrillic alphabet.

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*věděti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 518: “v. ‘know’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “věděti: věmь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c vide (PR 139)”
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vedeti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Slovan. *vě̋děti, sed. *vě(d)mь̏”
  4. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ведь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  5. ^ Anikin, A. E. (2012) “ведь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 174

Further reading

  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “ве́дать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 137
  • Anikin, A. E. (2012) “вѣ́дѣти”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 165
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ведать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вям, веш”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 140
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