Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zěnica

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

The pupil is the central transparent area (showing as black).

Alternative forms

  • *zěnьka, *zěnъka

Etymology

Substantivized participle **zěnъ +‎ *-ica, from **zěti (“to gape”) (compare *zěvati).

Noun

*zěnica f

  1. (anatomy) pupil

Declension

Declension of *zěnica (soft a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *zěnica *zěnici *zěnicę̇
genitive *zěnicę̇ *zěnicu *zěnicь
dative *zěnici *zěnicama *zěnicamъ
accusative *zěnicǫ *zěnici *zěnicę̇
instrumental *zěnicejǫ, *zěnicǫ** *zěnicama *zěnicami
locative *zěnici *zěnicu *zěnicasъ, *zěnicaxъ*
vocative *zěnice *zěnici *zěnicę̇
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
  • *zěvati (“to yawn”) (pres. *zěvajǫ)
  • *zijati, *zьjati (“to open (one's mouth), gape, be wide open)”) (pres. *zějǫ)
  • *zinǫti (“to open (one's mouth), gape”) (pres. *zinǫ)

Descendants

References

  • Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 542
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зеница”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “зеница”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 324
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