Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čï̄gań

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 This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Perhaps borrowed from Byzantine Greek , related to Greek τσιγγάνος (tsingános).

Adjective

*čï̄gań

  1. poor

Descendants

  • Arghu: جِغانْ (čïğān)
    • → Old Anatolian Turkish: جغان (cığan)
    • → Kipchak: (čïğan) (сыған can not be a descendant of čïğan)
  • Oghuz:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: جيٖغاى (čï̄ğāy)
      • Khorezmian Turkic: (čïğay), (čïğaylïq)
        • Chagatai: (čïğay)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰲𐰃𐰍𐰪 (čiǧń /⁠čïgań⁠/) (Yakut сыгаан (sıgaan) can not be a descendant of čïgań)
      • Old Uyghur: (čïgay)
    • South Siberian:
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: (sāy, “mischief”)
        • Shor: (šāy, “mischief”)

References

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    “cığan”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), volume 3, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1968
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    “cığan”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), volume 3, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1968
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*čɨ̄gań”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 31
  • Yıldız, H. (2007). Türkçede Çingeneler İçin Kullanılan Kelimeler ve Bunların Etimolojileri. Dil Araştırmaları, 1(1), 61-82.
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