Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-inč

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï	E / I	O / U	Ö / Ü
*-ïnč	*-inč	*-unč	*-ünč

Etymology

The second vowel of the suffix seems to appear after the medieval era. For an unknown reason, the word *ẹk(k)inti (“second”) has an exclusive variant *-inti, however according to Erdal it may be a seperate suffix.

Has been compared to Manchu ᠊ᠴᡳ (-ci).

The variant form *-inči is not attested in Old Turkic, which replaced the *-inč in all environments except perhaps *ẹk(k)inč (attested as 𐽰𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶 (ʾykynty /⁠ékinti⁠/).)

Suffix

*-inč

Forms ordinals of numerals
‎*bīr (“one”) + ‎*-inč → ‎*bīrinč (“first”)

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-inč

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bīrinč

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ẹk(k)inč

Related terms

*-egü (suffix creating collective of numbers)
*-rer (suffix creating distributive of numbers)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Bulgar: -ش (-ş, -şi)
  - Chuvash: -шӗ (-šĕ)
- ⇒ Oghur: *-m-inč
  - Chuvash: -мӗш (-mĕš)
Siberian Turkic:
- Old Turkic: 𐰨 (-nč)
- Old Uyghur: -𐽶𐽺𐽽 (-ync /⁠-inč, -ïnč⁠/), -𐽳𐽺𐽽 (-wnc /⁠-unč, -ünč⁠/)
- ⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *-inč-i

Arghu:
- Khalaj: -inci
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: -inci
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: -inci
- Turkmen: -inji
Karluk:
- Chagatai: (-inči)
  - Uyghur: ـىنچى (-inchi)
  - Uzbek: -inchi
Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
  - Karachay-Balkar: -инчи (-inçi)
  - Kumyk: -инчи (-inçi)
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: -енче (-yençe)
  - Bashkir: -енсе (-yense)
- South Kipchak:
  - Aral:
    - Karakalpak: -inshi
    - Kazakh: -інші (-ınşı)
    - Nogai: -инши (-inşi)
  - Kirgiz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: -инчи (-inci)
    - Southern Altai: -инчи (-inči)
Siberian:
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: -інӌі (-ìncì)
    - Shor: -инчи
    - → Western Yugur: -indʐi (-inʒi)
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan:
    - Tofa:
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: -ис (-is)
  - Yakut: -ис (-is)

⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *-m-inč-i
- Arghu:
  - Khalaj: -minci
- Oghuz:
  - Teke Turkmen: -minji

References

^ Erdal, Marcel (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 223
^ Yamazaki, Masato (1991) On the Ordinal Suffixes of Altaic Languages, Tohoku University: Department of Japanese Studies, pages 132-144

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “-nç/-ınç/-inç/-unç/-ünç”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page xli

[1] Erdal, Marcel (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 223

[2] Yamazaki, Masato (1991) On the Ordinal Suffixes of Altaic Languages, Tohoku University: Department of Japanese Studies, pages 132-144