Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-inči

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï	E / I	O / U	Ö / Ü
*-ïnčï	*-inči	*-unču	*-ünčü

Etymology

The second vowel of the suffix seems to appear after the medieval era. For an unknown reason, the word *ẹk(k)inti (“second”) has an exclusive variant *-inti, however according to Erdal it may be a seperate suffix.^[1]

Has been compared to Manchu ᠊ᠴᡳ (-ci). ^[2]

Suffix

*-inči or *-inč

Forms ordinals of numerals
‎*bīr (“one”) + ‎*-inči → ‎*bīrinči (“first”)

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-inči

Related terms

*-rer (“suffix creating distributive of numbers”)
*-egü (“suffix creating collective of numbers”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Bulgar: -ش (-şi), (-ş)
  - Chuvash: -шӗ (-šĕ), -мӗш (-mĕš)
⇒ Common Turkic: *-m-inči
- Arghu:
  - Khalaj: -minci
- Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: -minji
Common Turkic: *-inči

Arghu:
- Khalaj: -inci
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: -inci
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: -inci
- Turkmen: -inji
Karluk:
- Chagatai: (-inči)
  - Uyghur: ـىنچى (-inchi)
  - Uzbek: -inchi
Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
  - Karachay-Balkar: -инчи (-inçi)
  - Kumyk: -инчи (-inçi)
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: -енче (-yençe)
  - Bashkir: -енсе (-yense)
- South Kipchak:
  - Aral:
    - Karakalpak: -inshi
    - Kazakh: -інші (-ınşı)
    - Nogai: -инши (-inşi)
  - Kirgiz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: -инчи (-inci)
    - Southern Altai: -инчи (-inči)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰨 (-nč)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: -інӌі (-ìncì)
    - Shor: -инчи
    - Western Yugur: (-inçi)
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan:
    - Tofa:
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: -ис (-is)
  - Yakut: -ис (-is)

References

^ Erdal, Marcel (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 223
^ Yamazaki, Masato (1991) "On the Ordinal Suffixes of Altaic Languages", Tohoku University: Department of Japanese Studies, pages 132-144

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page xli

[1] Erdal, Marcel (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 223

[2] Yamazaki, Masato (1991) "On the Ordinal Suffixes of Altaic Languages", Tohoku University: Department of Japanese Studies, pages 132-144

[1]

[2]