Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ečkü

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

*keči

Etymology

There are two homogeneous Turkic forms Proto-Turkic *ečkü and Proto-Turkic *keči. The first form is typical for Siberian Turkic, Turki and some Kipchak Turkic languages, while the second form is found in the Oghuz, Volga Kipchak Turkic and Oghur Turkic, both being homogeneous Turkic forms.^[1]

Noun

*ečkü

goat

Declension

Declension of *ečkü

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*ečkü
Accusative	ečküg, ečküni¹⁾
Genitive	*ečkünüŋ
Dative	*ečküke
Locative	*ečküde
Ablative	*ečküden
Allative	*ečkügerü
Instrumental ²⁾	*ečkün
Equative ²⁾	*ečküče
Similative ²⁾	*ečküleyü
Comitative ²⁾	*ečkülügü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur: *kečke
- Chuvash: качака (kač̬ak̬a)
- → Hungarian: kecske
Common Turkic:

Arghu: *ečkü
- Khalaj: əçkü
Oghuz: كَجیٖ (keçi)^[2]
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: keçi
  - Ottoman Turkish: كچی (keçi)
    - Gagauz: keçi
    - Turkish: keçi
  - → Mamluk-Kipchak: (keşi)^[3]
- Turkmen: geçi
- →? Kipchak: (keči)^[4]
  - Bashkir: кәзә (kəzə)
  - Tatar: кәҗә (käcä)
  - →? Chuvash: кач (kač) (dial.)
    - →? Proto-Permic: *käć
      - Komi:
        Komi-Permyak: кӧч (köć)
        Komi-Zyrian: кӧч (köć)
      - Udmurt: кеч (keć)
        Beserman: кесь (keś)
Karluk: *ečkü
- Karakhanid: اَجْكُو (eçkü)^[5]
  - Uzbek: echki
  - Uyghur: ئۆچكە (öchke), ئۆشكە (öshke), ئەچكۈ (echkü), ئەچكى (echki)
Kipchak: *ečki
- Mamluk-Kipchak: (ečki)
- Armeno-Kipchak: (ečki)^[6]
  - Crimean Tatar: eçki
  - Karachay-Balkar: эчки (eçki)
  - Karaim: эчки, эцки
  - Kumyk: эчки (eçki)
  - Krymchak: эчкы
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: ешки, eshki
    - Kazakh: ешкі (eşkı)
    - Nogai: эшки (éşki)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: эчки (ecki)
    - Southern Altai: эчки (ečki)
Siberian: *ečkü
- Old Turkic: (ečkü)
  - Old Uyghur: (ečkü)
    - Western Yugur: uşqo, uşkö
    - → Salar: eşgü
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: өъшкү
    - Tuvan: өшкү (öşkü)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: ӧскі
    - Shor: ӧшкӱ

References

^ https://brill.com/view/book/9789004390768/BP000002.xml
^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 219
^ Tiryaki, Esra N. (2011). Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Tarihî Bir Kaynak:Ed-dürretü'l-mudiyye fi'l-lügati't türkiyye/A Historical Material for Teaching Turkish to Foreigners:Ed-dürretü'l- …. Türkçe Eğitimi Ve Öğretimi Araştırmaları Dergisi.
^ Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 136
^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 128
^ Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 69

[1] ttps://brill.com/view/book/9789004390768/BP000002.xml

[2] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 219

[3] Tiryaki, Esra N. (2011). Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Tarihî Bir Kaynak:Ed-dürretü'l-mudiyye fi'l-lügati't türkiyye/A Historical Material for Teaching Turkish to Foreigners:Ed-dürretü'l- …. Türkçe Eğitimi Ve Öğretimi Araştırmaları Dergisi.

[4] Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 136

[5] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 128

[6] Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 69

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