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Usually considered to be simplex, however some theories have been thrown around:
Sevortyan compares the dialectal Turkishelmek(“hand”) and suggets a common root *el-
Tekin ties the word to *ẹĺ-(“to dig”), stating that the sigmatism didn't occur due to its medial position.
Nişanyan suggets a derivation *ạl-(“to take”) + *-ïg, however note that the word is never attested as being back voweled through history.
The reason behind the disappearence of the final -i in some languages is uncertain but likely due to confusion with the third person singular possessive, compare *tātïg(“taste”), *bẹńi(“brain”) for similar cases.
Some linguists also suggests a relation with *ellig(“fifty”) since a hand has five fingers. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic. 2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages. 3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks. 4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 39-40
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “el, -ig”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill