Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/köküŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Compare to Proto-Mongolic *kökö-n (“breast (female), nipple”) (<*kökö- (“to suckle”)), Proto-Tungusic *xuku-n (“breast (female)”) (<*xuku- (“to suckle”)), also Proto-Japonic *kəkərə (“heart”).^[1]

Noun

*köküŕ

Declension

Declension of *köküŕ

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*köküŕ
Accusative	köküŕüg, köküŕni¹⁾
Genitive	*köküŕnüŋ
Dative	*köküŕke
Locative	*köküŕte
Ablative	*köküŕten
Allative	*köküŕgerü
Instrumental ²⁾	*köküŕün
Equative ²⁾	*köküŕče
Similative ²⁾	*köküŕleyü
Comitative ²⁾	*köküŕlügü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Derived terms

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: кӑкӑр (kăk̬ăr)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: köyüs
Oghuz: *köküz, *kögüz
- Old Anatolian Turkish: ككز (gögüz), كوكوز (gögüz), كوكز (gögüz)^[2]
  - Azerbaijani: köks
  - Ottoman Turkish: گوگس (göks, göğüs)
    - Turkish: göğüs
    - Gagauz: güüs
- Turkmen: göwüs
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: كُكُزْ (köküz)^[3]
  - Uzbek: koʻksi
  - Uyghur: كۆكس (köks), كۆكرەك (kökrek)
Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: köküs
  - Karaim: (kökis)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Southern Altai: кӧгӱс (kögüs)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: (kögüz)
  - Western Yugur: köküs
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: көҕүс (köğüs)
  - Dolgan: (köksü)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: (kögis)
    - Shor: (kögüs)

References

^ Tekin, Talât (1993) Japonca ve Altay Dilleri [Japanese and Altaic languages] (in Turkish), 1st edition, Ankara: Doruk Yayınları, →ISBN, page 77
^ XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎ (in Turkish), volume III, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1967
^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 366

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*göküŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[1] Tekin, Talât (1993) Japonca ve Altay Dilleri [Japanese and Altaic languages] (in Turkish), 1st edition, Ankara: Doruk Yayınları, →ISBN, page 77

[2] XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎ (in Turkish), volume III, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1967

[3] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 366

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