Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr
Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr you have here. The definition of the word Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofReconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kạyïr, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
 |
This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Compared to Proto-Tungusic *xońi (“sand; dirt”), whence Even (ońịŋ, “sand; dirt”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
*kạyïr
Declension
Declension of *kạyïr
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *kạyïr |
| Accusative | *kạyïrïg, *kạyïrnï1) |
| Genitive | *kạyïrnïŋ |
| Dative | *kạyïrka |
| Locative | *kạyïrta |
| Ablative | *kạyïrtan |
| Allative | *kạyïrgaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *kạyïrïn |
| Equative 2) | *kạyïrča |
| Similative 2) | *kạyïrlayu |
| Comitative 2) | *kạyïrlïgu |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: хӑйӑр (hăjăr, “sand”)
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: (qayır, “salt steppe; sand”)
- Uzbek: qayir (“gravel”)
- Karakhanid: (qayır, “salt steppe; sand”)
- Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- North Siberian:
- ⇒ Yakut: хайыр таас (qayır taas, “gravel”)
- South Siberian:
- Sayan Turkic:
- Tuvan: хайыр (xayır, “salt steppe”)
- Sayan Turkic:
- North Siberian:
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kạyïr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 221-222
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 678
- Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 206, 217
- Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 97