Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kum
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Noun
*kum
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *kum |
| accusative | *kumug, *kumnï1) |
| genitive | *kumnuŋ |
| dative | *kumka |
| locative | *kumda |
| ablative | *kumdan |
| allative | *kumgaru |
| instrumental 2) | *kumun |
| equative 2) | *kumča |
| similative 2) | *kumlayu |
| comitative 2) | *kumlugu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash:
- Oghuz:
- Kipchak:
- Karluk:
- Siberian:
- Non-Turkic:
- → Hungarian: homok
- → Chechen: гӏум (ğum)
- → Dargwa: гъум (ɣum)
- → Khinalug: къум (qːum)
- → Lezgi: къум (q̄um)
- → Tabasaran: къум (q̄um); гъум (ġum)
- → Udi: къум (q̇um)
- → Northern Kurdish: qûm
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kum”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill