Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kara-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Compare Proto-Mongolic *kara- (“to see”), Mongolian харах (xarax). The absence of this word in older languages and its unusual structure suggest that it was borrowed from Mongolic during the Medieval era.

Verb

*kara-

(Common Turkic) to look
Synonym: *bak-

Derived terms

*karak (“pupil”) ^?

Descendants

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: قرمق (qaramaq), قرامق (qaramaq), قارامق (qaramaq)
  - Ottoman Turkish: قرامق (karamak)
    - Turkish: (dialectal) karamak
  - Turkmen: garamak
Kipchak:
- Kipchak-Bulgar:
  - Bashkir: ҡарау (qaraw)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Crimean Tatar: qaramaq
  - Kumyk:
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Kazakh: қарау (qarau)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: кароо (karoo)
  - Southern Altai: караар (karaar)
Karluk:
- Chagatai: قاراماق (qaramaq)
  - Uyghur: قاراماق (qaramaq)
  - Uzbek: qaramoq

References

^ Räsänen, Martti (1969) “kara”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 235
^ Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 288-289

[1] Räsänen, Martti (1969) “kara”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 235

[2] Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 288-289