Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tīŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*tīŕ^[1]^[2]

(anatomy) knee

Declension

Declension of *tīŕ

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*tīŕ
Accusative	tīŕig, tīŕni¹⁾
Genitive	*tīŕniŋ
Dative	*tīŕke
Locative	*tīŕte
Ablative	*tīŕten
Allative	*tīŕgerü
Instrumental ²⁾	*tīŕin
Equative ²⁾	*tīŕče
Similative ²⁾	*tīŕleyü
Comitative ²⁾	*tīŕligü

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Derived terms

*tirsgek (“elbow”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: чӗр (čĕr)
- → Hungarian: térd^[3]
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: tîz
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: diz
  - Ottoman Turkish: دیز (diz)
    - Turkish: diz
- Turkmen: dyz
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: tiz
  - Uyghur: تىز (tiz)
  - Uzbek: tiz
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: тез (tez)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kipchak-Nogai
    - Kazakh: тізе (tıze)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: тизе (tize)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰃𐰔 (tiz)

References

^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ti:z”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 570
^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*dīŕ (*dǖŕ)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
^ térd in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

[1] Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ti:z”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 570

[2] Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*dīŕ (*dǖŕ)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[3] térd in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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