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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Noun
*yïr
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *yïr |
| accusative | *yïrïg, *yïrnï1) |
| genitive | *yïrnïŋ |
| dative | *yïrka |
| locative | *yïrta |
| ablative | *yïrtan |
| allative | *yïrgaru |
| instrumental 2) | *yïrïn |
| equative 2) | *yïrča |
| similative 2) | *yïrlayu |
| comitative 2) | *yïrlïgu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: юрӑ (jură)
- Proto-Common Turkic: *yïr
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian:
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 192
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 21) (in German), volume IV, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 233
- Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 285
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 166, 201
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ɨr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jɨr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 610