Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/kalma

This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From *kale- (“to die”) +‎ *-ma. The reconstruction *kalema cannot be clearly ruled out.

For previously included cognates in Samic, see *kolmes.

*kalma

1. grave
2. ? death

• Proto-Samoyedic: *kålmɜ
  • Enets:
    • Forest Enets: (kamero)
    • Tundra Enets: (kameRo), камэр (“ghost”)
  • Nenets:
    • Forest Nenets: каӆьмяӆ (kāŕḿeȧr)
    • Tundra Nenets: хальмер (xalʹmyer°, “grave”)
  • Kamassian: (kʰolmə, “grave”)
• Mordvinic: *kalmə, *kalma-
  • Erzya: калмо (kalmo, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)
  • Moksha: калма (kalma, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)
• Proto-Finnic: *kalma (“grave, death”) (see there for further descendants)

• Template:R:Janhunen 2007
• Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó

• Entry #229 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.