Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/galan

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 This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *galaną.

Verb

*galan

  1. to sing

Inflection

Strong class 6
Infinitive *galan
1st sg. past *gōl
3rd pl. past *gōlun
Past ptcple *galan
Infinitive *galan
Genitive infin. *galannjas
Dative infin. *galannjē
Instrum. infin. *galannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *galu *gōl
2nd singular *galiʀi *gōlī
3rd singular *galidi *gōl
1st plural *galum *gōlum
2nd plural *galid *gōlud
3rd plural *galand *gōlun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *galē *gōlī
2nd singular *galēs *gōlī
3rd singular *galē *gōlī
1st plural *galēm *gōlīm
2nd plural *galēþ *gōlīd
3rd plural *galēn *gōlīn
Imperative Present
Singular *gal
Plural *galid
Present Past
Participle *galandī *galan

Descendants

  • Old English: galan
    • Middle English: galen
  • Old Saxon: galan
  • Old Dutch: *galan
  • Old High German: galan, kalan
    • >? Middle High German: golen, goln
    • ⇒ Middle High German: begalen
    • ⇒? Old High German: galt (“(of cows) not milch, infertile”, past participle) (from the belief that sterile or un-milch cows are bewitched)
      • Middle High German: galt
        • Alemannic German: galt (“(of cows) not milch”)
          Swabian: gall (“(of sheep) not pregnant”)
        • Bavarian:
          Carinthian: galt (“(of cows) infertile or pregnant (therefore not milch)”)
          Cimbrian: galt (“(of cows) not milch; (of cows and human women) infertile”)
          ⇒? Tyrolean: galt (“unfarmed land”)
        • >? German: gelt (“(of non-human animals) infertile”)
        • ⇒ Middle High German: galte (“one-year-old calf”)
          • Alemannic German: Galti (“two-year-old cow that has not yet become pregnant”)
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