Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/obanā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Germanic *ubanē. Equivalent to *ob (“under”) +‎ *-anā (ablative adverb suffix).

*obanā

1. ablative of *ob (“under”): from above

• *biobanā

Because of the irregular forms between some of the directional adverbs and preposition, *ob- and *upp-, some of the daughter languages show leveling.^[1]

• Old English: ufan, ufane
  • Middle English: uven
• Old Frisian: ova, with -pp- uppa, oppa (also uppe, oppe, but these might be from *uppai instead)
• Old Saxon: ovan, ovana, with -pp- uppan
• Old Dutch: uppan (with -pp-)
• Old High German: obana, ūfana, *ovana
  • Middle High German: oben, obene, *oven
    • Alemannic German: obe
      • Swabian: oba
    • Bavarian: obn, om, oum, uom
    • German: oben
    • Luxembourgish: uewen
    • Central Franconian:
      • Hunsrik: owe
    • Rhine Franconian: owen, owe, uwe
      • Pennsylvania German: owwe
    • Vilamovian: uwa
    • Yiddish: אויבן (oybn)