Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/samft(ī)

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 This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

Likely from Proto-Germanic *samþuz, *samftuz (“gentleness”) +‎ *-ī (adjective suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *sóm-tu-s, from *sem- (“one, same”).[1] Cognate with Sanskrit सान्त्व (sāntva, “consolation; gentle, mild”), Proto-Celtic *sāmos (“calm, easy, pleasant”), and possibly Ancient Greek ἥμερος (hḗmeros, “tame, civilized, cultivated”).

Adjective

*samft(ī)[2]

  1. soft
  2. gentle

Inflection

a-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *samft
Genitive *samftas
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *samft *samftu *samft
Accusative *samftanā *samftā *samft
Genitive *samftas *samfteʀā *samftas
Dative *samftumē *samfteʀē *samftumē
Instrumental *samftu *samfteʀu *samftu
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *samftē *samftō *samftu
Accusative *samftā *samftā *samftu
Genitive *samfteʀō *samfteʀō *samfteʀō
Dative *samftēm, *samftum *samftēm, *samftum *samftēm, *samftum
Instrumental *samftēm, *samftum *samftēm, *samftum *samftēm, *samftum
ja-stem
Singular Masculine
Nominative *samftī
Genitive *samftijas
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *samftī *samftiju *samftī
Accusative *samftijanā *samftijā *samftī
Genitive *samftijas *samftijeʀā *samftijas
Dative *samftijumē *samftijeʀē *samftijumē
Instrumental *samftiju *samftijeʀu *samftiju
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *samftijē *samftijō *samftiju
Accusative *samftijā *samftijā *samftiju
Genitive *samftijeʀō *samftijeʀō *samftijeʀō
Dative *samftijēm, *samftijum *samftijēm, *samftijum *samftijēm, *samftijum
Instrumental *samftijēm, *samftijum *samftijēm, *samftijum *samftijēm, *samftijum

Alternative reconstructions

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “2. sem-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 902
  2. ^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 140: “PWGmc *samft / *samftī”
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