Template:IPA

The following documentation is located at Template:IPA/documentation.

Useful links: subpage list • links • redirects • transclusions • errors (parser/module) • sandbox (diff)

Uses Lua:

• Module:IPA/templates

This template adds the proper formatting and links to a pronunciation transcription in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It applies proper formatting and adds links to the language's IPA key using Module:IPA/templates. It should be used in pronunciation sections only. If the language has a template that automatically generates pronunciation from spelling, that template should be used instead of this one.

By default, the module counts the syllables in every phonemic transcription of a language that has diphthongs listed in Module:syllables, and a category is added based on the count, such as English 1-syllable words. To turn off syllable counting, add the parameter |nocount=1.

The module also tracks various IPA and some non-IPA symbols in particular languages' transcriptions (see Module:IPA/tracking). It gives a preview-only message in red if any symbols are invalid, based on the list in Module:IPA/data/symbols, and offers suggestions to correct some common substitutions.

|1=

The language code (see Wiktionary:List of languages) for the current language section. The parameter |lang= is a deprecated synonym; please do not use. If this is used, all numbered parameters move down by one.

|2=, |3=, |4= ...

Indicates one or more pronunciations. These should be formatted in correct IPA and be surrounded by slashes / / for phonemic representations, and square brackets for phonetic representations. They will be displayed separated by commas, unless a bare semicolon ; is used as an argument, in which case the two surrounding arguments will be separated by a semicolon. See below under #Inline modifiers for an example of this. Note that semicolons do not count for the purposes of indexed parameters; thus, an example like {{IPA|en|/ˈpɪŋˌpɔŋ/|;|/ˈpɪŋˌpɑŋ/|a2=cot-caught}} is correct and will result in the cot-caught accent qualifier being displayed directly before the pronunciation /ˈpɪŋˌpɑŋ/, while {{IPA|en|/ˈpɪŋˌpɔŋ/|;|/ˈpɪŋˌpɑŋ/|a3=cot-caught}} is incorrect and will produce unexpected results. To avoid issues like this, it is recommended to use inline modifiers (see link).

|q=

Specifies a qualifier to be placed at the beginning, before the "IPA:" text that normally precedes the pronunciation(s). This is formatted with the {{q}}/{{qualifier}} template.

|qq=

Specifies a qualifier to be placed at the end, after all pronunciations. This is formatted with the {{q}}/{{qualifier}} template.

|a=

Specifies one or more comma-separated accent qualifiers to be placed at the beginning, before the "IPA:" text that normally precedes the pronunciation(s). These are formatted with the {{a}}/{{accent}} template. To be recognized as a separator, there must be no space following the comma; otherwise, the comma is treated as an embedded comma within the accent qualifier.

|aa=

Specifies one or more comma-separated accent qualifiers to be placed at the end, after all pronunciations. These are formatted with the {{a}}/{{accent}} template. To be recognized as a separator, there must be no space following the comma; otherwise, the comma is treated as an embedded comma within the accent qualifier.

|qN=

Specifies a qualifier to be placed before pronunciation N. This is formatted with the {{q}}/{{qualifier}} template. The parameter |qualN= is a deprecated synonym; please do not use. Currently, for compatibility, |qual= is accepted as a synonym for |qual1=, but this should not be relied on as it will be changing in the future.

|qqN=

Specifies a qualifier to be placed after pronunciation N. This is formatted with the {{q}}/{{qualifier}} template.

|aN=

Specifies one or more comma-separated accent qualifiers to be placed before pronunciation N. These are formatted with the {{a}}/{{accent}} template. To be recognized as a separator, there must be no space following the comma; otherwise, the comma is treated as an embedded comma within the accent qualifier.

|aaN=

Specifies one or more comma-separated accent qualifiers to be placed after pronunciation N. These are formatted with the {{a}}/{{accent}} template. To be recognized as a separator, there must be no space following the comma; otherwise, the comma is treated as an embedded comma within the accent qualifier.

|refN=

Specifies one or more reference notes to be placed after pronunciation N. The reference is placed in the ===References=== section at the bottom of the language's entry. See below for the format of this parameter. The parameter |nN= is a deprecated synonym; please do not use.

|nocount=1

Turns off syllable counting.

|sort=

Manual sortkey. Use sparingly; the makeSortKey method in Module:languages can usually generate the correct sortkey.

The |qN=, |qqN=, |aN=, |aaN= and |refN= parameters have corresponding inline modifiers <q:...>, <qq:...>, <a:...>, <aa:...> and <ref:...> that can be attached directly to a pronunciation argument. Example:

* {{IPA|en|/wʌt/|/wɑt/<a:sometimes also in <<GA>>>}}

which produces

• IPA^(key): /wʌt/, (sometimes also in General American) /wɑt/

It is allowed, and common, to combine |a= with |aN=, or equivalently, with <a:...>. An example:

* {{IPA|en|a=GA|/ˈpɪŋˌpɔŋ/|;|/ˈpɪŋˌpɑŋ/<a:cot-caught>}}

which produces

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈpɪŋˌpɔŋ/; (cot–caught merger) /ˈpɪŋˌpɑŋ/

This also shows the use of a bare semicolon argument to cause the separator between two pronunciations to appear as a semicolon.

Besides the official IPA, the following extensions are accepted:

‼ ᶑ ᵻ ᵿ ͈  ¡ ʬ ʭ ˭ ↑ ↓ ꟸ ᷽

as well as the following common substitutes:

¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ 𝆏 𝆑 ⁻

The |refN= parameter is used to specify one or more references for a given pronunciation and works similarly to the <ref> tag. For example, specifying |ref={{R:it:DiPI|bendo}} is similar to placing <ref>{{R:it:DiPI|bendo}}</ref> after the call to {{IPA}}, except that it can be used to insert references directly after a given pronunciation when there are several.

To specify multiple references, separate them with  !!! (optionally with spaces around it). For example, the following:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/|ref2={{R:it:DiPI|bendo}} !!! {{R:it:Olivetti}}}}

is similar to the following:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/}}<ref>{{R:it:DiPI|bendo}}</ref><ref>{{R:it:Olivetti}}</ref>

To specify the equivalent of the <ref name="NAME" group="GROUP">...</ref>, use <<name:NAME>> and/or <<group:GROUP>> directly following the reference text. For example, the following:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/|ref2={{R:it:DiPI|bendo}}<<name:bendo>> !!! {{R:it:Olivetti}}}}

is similar to the following:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/}}<ref name="bendo">{{R:it:DiPI|bendo}}</ref><ref>{{R:it:Olivetti}}</ref>

Similarly, the following:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/|ref2={{R:it:DiPI|bendo}}<<name:bendo>><<group:pron>>}}

is similar to the following:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/}}<ref name="bendo" group="pron">{{R:it:DiPI|bendo}}</ref>

To reference a prior name, as in <ref name="bendo"/>, leave the reference text blank:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/|ref2=<<name:bendo>>}}

Similarly, to reference a prior name in a particular group, as in <ref name="bendo" group="pron"/>, use:

{{IPA|it|/ˈben.do/|/ˈbɛn.do/|ref2=<<name:bendo>><<group:pron>>}}

• {{IPAchar}}
• {{enPR}}