User:Alexlin01/NH cognates/Grammar

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Reconstructions

Pronouns

*'ŋo.Zi ~ 'ŋo.hi

1st Person Singular Pronoun
  • West Makian: de (< 'ŋoZi, without the initial ŋo-, either lost, or never having had)
  • Proto-Galela-Loloda: *'ŋo.Zi ~ 'ŋo.hi
    • Galela: ngohi (appears to continue *ŋohi)
    • Loloda: ngoji
  • Tobelo: ngohi (could derive from either)
  • Pagu: ngoi (< *ŋohi)
  • Tabaru: ngoi (< *ŋohi)
  • Sahu: ngoi (< *ŋohi)
  • Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'ŋo.ri (< *ŋoZi)

*'ŋo.na

2nd Person Singular Pronoun

*'u.na(ŋ)

3rd Person Singular Masculine Pronoun

*'mu.na(ŋ)

3rd Person Singular Feminine Pronoun

*'ŋo.ne

1st Person Plural Inclusive Pronoun

*'ŋo.mi

1st Person Plural Exclusive Pronoun

*'ŋo.ni

2nd Person Plural Pronoun

*'o.na(ŋ)

3rd Person Plural Human Pronoun
  • Galela: ona
  • Loloda: ona, onanga (Baarda only has ona, Wada has onanga)
  • Tobelo: onanga
  • Sahu: ananga
  • Proto-Ternate-Tidore: *'o.na

*'e.naŋ

3rd Person Plural Non-Human Pronoun

Pronominal Prefixes

Possessive Prefixes