User:Holodwig21/Celtiberian
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This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Celtiberian
Word list
This is or will be a list of attested Celtiberian Words, which I will not be adding right at the moment (maybe in the far-flung future); however, this is going to be different. I intend to gather all attested Celtiberian words, independently if they are inflected or not, since Celtiberian is "badly" attested this list could be controversial.
A
- Abulu (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *abulos???
- Abulei (“at Abulos”) (locative singular) from Proto-Celtic *abulos???
- Abulokum (“of the *Abulokoi”) (genetive plural) from Proto-Celtic *abulos??? + Proto-Celtic *-kos
- aia from ?
- aias (genetive singular) from ?
- Akainas (“from Akaina”) (ablative singular) from ?
- Alaskum (“of the *Alaskoi”) (family name, genitive plural) from Proto-Celtic *ala- + Proto-Celtic *-skos
- ambi- (“around”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *ambi-
- ambi-tiseti (“?”) (verb, 3rd person present?) from Proto-Celtic *ambi- + Proto-Celtic *tiseti (“?”)?
- arei (“?”) (Preposition) from ??? Cognate with Old Irish air- and Gaulish are-
- Are-korata (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *ɸare- (“in front of”) + Proto-Celtic *korata (“?”)?
- Arekoratakubos (endonym) (dative plural) from Proto-Celtic *ɸare- (“in front of”) + Proto-Celtic *korata (“?”)?
- Arkato-bezom (“silver mine?”) from Proto-Celtic *arkatom (“silver”) + Proto-Celtic *bedom (“bed”)
- arsnas (“?”) (accusative singular) from ???
- ati- (“re-, again?”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *ati- (“re-, again, second, further”) Cognate with Old Irish aith- and Gaulish ate-
- ati-bion (“?”)
- aualo (genitive singular) from ???
- aualos (nominative singular) from ???
B
- Biulakos (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *biulas (“?”)? + Proto-Celtic *-kos?
- Biurtilaur (personal name?, verb?) from ????
- Bintis (“bindis?”) (nominative singular)
- Bergunetakam (“Bergunetaka”) (toponymic, accusative singular)
- Belikios (“Belgian,”) (ethnonym) from same source of Latin Belgae + Proto-Celtic *-kios?
- boustom (“stable”) from Proto-Celtic *bāus (“cow”) + Proto-Celtic *stom
D
- Dēobriga? (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *dēwos (“god”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”) <No d>t?
E
- Eburi? (personal name, genitive) from Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”) + ?
- Ebur-sunos? (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”) + Proto-Celtic *sunos (“son”)?
- Ekua-laku (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental singular) from Proto-Celtic *ekwos (“horse”) + Proto-Celtic *lakos (“?”)?
- entara (“between, within”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *enter (“between”)
- eni (“at”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *eni (“at”)
- es (“out of, from”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *exs (“out of, from”)
- es- (“out of, from”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *exs (“out of, from”)
- es-ankios (“?”) (?) from Proto-Celtic *exs (“out of, from”) + Proto-Celtic *ankios (“?”)
I
- ia (“which”) (nominative and accusative plural neuter)
- iam (“which”) (accusative singular feminine)
- ias (“which”) (Genitive singular or accusative plural)
- ios (“which”)
- iom (“which”) (accusative singular) from Proto-Celtic *yo (“which”)
- iomui (“to which”) (dative singular)
K
- kabizeti (“(s)he takes/holds”) (3rd Person present) from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti (“to take, hold”)
- Kaikokum (“of the *Kaikokoi”) (genitive plural, family or tribal name?) from Proto-Celtic *kaikos + Proto-Celtic *-kos
- kombalkez (“?”) (Ablative singular?) from ?
- Kolounioku (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) from ?
- kamanom (“?”) from Proto-Celtic *kanxsman (“step, act of stepping”)
- kantom (“hundred”) from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”)
- kar (abreviated) from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”)
- Kar- (personal name preffix) from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”)
- *Katuenos (personal name) perhaps from Proto-Celtic *katus (“battle”) + Proto-Celtic *-enos? attested as Catuenus likely in Latin
- Kentis (“son”) from Proto-Celtic *gentis (“son”)
- Con-trebia, Kon-trebia (toponym of various places in Hispania) from Proto-Celtic *kon + Proto-Celtic *trebā (“tribe”) + Proto-Celtic *-yā
- kuati (“?”) (3rd person present) from Proto-Celtic *kwati?
- kustaikos (“?”) from Proto-Celtic *kustaikos?
- -kue (“and”) (Conjunction) from Proto-Celtic *-kʷe (“and”)
L
- launī (“wife, lady?”) from Proto-Celtic *wlamnī
- Letontunos (“of the Letontunu?”) (personal name, genetive singular) from ?
- Litanokum (“of the *Litanokoi”) (family name, genetive plural) from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitanos Proto-Celtic *-kos
- Lousokum (“of the *Lousokoi”) (genitive plural) from Proto-Celtic *lousos + Proto-Celtic *-kos
- Luguei (“Lugh”) (Dative singular) from Proto-Celtic *Lugus
M
- maro-mizom (?) from Proto-Celtic *māros + Proto-Celtic *midos (“?”)?
- matus (“months”) (accusative plural) should be from Proto-Celtic *mīns (“month”) but the phonetic transformation would be odd
- mātrubos (“to the mothers?”) (Dative plural) from Proto-Celtic *mātīr (“mother”)
- Mezu-kenos (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *Medugenos, Cognate with Gaulish Medugenos, Primitive Irish (Meddogeni) and Old Welsh Medgen.
N
- namato (“enemy?”) from Proto-Celtic *namants (“enemy?”) Cognate with Old Irish námae and Gaulish *Namantobogios attested as Namantobogius
- ne- (“not”) (Negative particle) from Proto-Celtic *ne (“not”)
- ne-bintor (“should not be hit”) (3rd Person Imperative middle) from Proto-Celtic *binati (“to strike”)
- nekue (“not”) (Negative particle) from Proto-Celtic *ne (“not”) + Proto-Celtic *-kʷe (“and”)
- ne-litom (“they forbid, prohibit?”) (3rd Person plural past?) from Proto-Celtic *liteti (“?”)?
- *nemezom (“sanctuary, metting place?”) (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *nemetom (“sanctuary”) attested as nemedo- in a Latin context
- Nemeto-briga possibly Nemezobris (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *nemetom (“sanctuary”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”)
- Nerto-bi(s) or *Nertobris (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *nertom (“strength, force”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”) the location known as Nertobriga
- nou-iza from Proto-Celtic *nowyos (“new”) + Proto-Celtic *ida (“?”)?
O
- Oilaunu (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) from ?
R
- Retu-keno (genitive singular, personal name) from Proto-Celtic *Rextugenos, Cognate with Gaulish Rextugenos, essentially *rextus + *genos
S
- sankilistra (Acussative plural) from ?
- Sarnikiei (“at Sarnikiom”) (Locative singular) from Proto-Celtic *sarnis (“?”)? + Proto-Celtic *kios (“?”)?
- Sarnikio (“of Sarnikiom”) (Genative singular) from Proto-Celtic *sarnis (“?”)? + Proto-Celtic *kios (“?”)?
- Segisama (“Segisama”) (toponym) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *isamos (“forms superlative adjectives”)
- Sekobirikez (“from Segobriga”) (Ablative singular, toponym) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”)?
- Segouia (“Segovia”) (toponym) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *wyā (“?”)?
- Sekontiāz (“from Segontia”) (Ablative singula, toponymr) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *ontyā (“?”)?
- sistat (“(s)he puts, stands”) (3rd person present) from Proto-Celtic *sistati (“to put, stand”)
- Slaniaz (ablative singular, toponym) from Proto-Celtic *slanos + Proto-Celtic *-yā (“?”)
- sues (“six?”) from Proto-Celtic *swexs (“six”)
T
- Tamaniu (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) ?
- Tabaniu (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) ?
- Tauro (personal name, genitive singular) partially from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) given Celtiberian preserves the wr
- Tarvo-duro (toponym, genitive singular) from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) + Proto-Celtic *duros
- tātuz (“give”) (imperative, 3rd person) from Proto-Celtic *dāti
- Teiuo-reikis (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *dēwos (“god”) + Proto-Celtic *rīxs (“king”)
- tiris (“three”) from Proto-Celtic *trīs (“three”)
- Tirtanos (Personal name) from ?
- tuateres (“daughters”) (Nominative plural) from Proto-Celtic *duxtīr (“daughter”)
- tuateros (“daughter's”) (genitive singular) from Proto-Celtic *duxtīr (“daughter”)
- Togoitos (personal name) from ?
- tokoitei (“at destiny”) (Locative singular) from Proto-Celtic *tonketos (“destiny”)
- tokoti (“to Tokoti?”) (dative Singular, Theonym) from Proto-Celtic *tonketos (“destiny”)
- toutam (“people”) (accusative Singular) from Proto-Celtic *toutā (“destiny”)
- *Toutonos (Personal name) from Proto-Celtic *Toutonos Cognate with Gaulish *Toutona a feminine version of the latter, attested as Toutonus and Toutona respectively in Latin
- trikantam (“Trikanta”) (toponymic, accusative singular) from ?
U
- -ue (“or”) (Conjunction) from Proto-Celtic *-wē (“or”) from Proto-Indo-European *-wē (“or”)
- uer-amom (“highest”) (accusative singular) from Proto-Celtic *uɸor- (“over, on”) + Proto-Celtic *amos (“?”)? or Proto-Celtic *amom (“?”)?
- ueizos (“witness”) from Proto-Celtic *wedos (“sight, presence”)
- ueizui (“witness”) (dative singular)
- uiros (“man”) from Proto-Celtic *wiros (“man”)
- Uironos (Personal name) from Proto-Celtic *wiros (“man”) + Proto-Celtic *-onos (“?”)
- Uizuskikum (“of the *Uizuskikoi”) (genitive plural, family name) from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”) + Proto-Celtic *skikos?
- *Uindius (“A mountain in Northern Spain”) from ? attested as Vindius
- Usama (personal name and toponym) from Proto-Celtic *Us- (“high”) + Proto-Celtic *-amos (“forms superlative averbs”)
- useisu (nominative singular) from ?
- Useisunos (“of Useisunu”) (genitive singular) from ?
- useisunei (dative singular) from ?
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors ((Can we date this quote?)), Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN
- Jordán Cólera, Carlos, Beltrán Lloris, Francisco (2017) Celtiberian: Language, writing, epigraphy, Zaragoza, Spain: Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza, →ISBN