User:TagaSanPedroAko/Central Luzon cognate set

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This is a list of cognates in the Central Luzon languages.

The Central Luzon languages is one of the sub-branches of the Philippine languages of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, and is composed of over 9 languages.

Most data for the lists is based on the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary by Robert Blust and The Sambalic Languages of Central Luzon by Roger Stone.

Subgroups and languages

This lists terms from the following languages and subgroups. Dialectal terms are marked with qualifiers.

  • Kapampangan
  • Sambalic
    • Ayta Abenlen
    • Ambala
    • Bolinao
    • Botolan
    • Mag-Anchi Ayta
    • Mag-Indi Ayta
    • Mariveleño
    • Sambali
  • Remontado Agta

Cognates

English translation Proto-Central Luzon reconstruction Kapampangan Sambalic Remontado Agta
Abenlen Ayta Ambala Bolinao Botolan Mag-Anchi Aeta Mag-Indi Aeta Mariveleño Sambali
bird *ayup ayup
*manuk manokmanok manokmanok manokmanok manokmanok manok manuk manokmanok
crow *uwak uak owak owak owak owak uwak uwak owak
fire *apuy api apoy apoy apoy apoy apoy apuy apoy
dog *asu asu aho aho aso aso aho asu aso
house *balay bale baëy bali bali bali bali bali bali
water *danum danum lanom lanom lanom ranom lanëm lanëm lanom
woman *babai babai babayi babayi babayi babayi babayi babayi babayi
year *banwa banua
*taun taon taon taon taon taon taun taon

Numbers

English translation Proto-Central Luzon reconstruction Kapampangan Central Bisayan Remontado Agta
Ayta Abenlen Ambala Bolinao Botolan Mag-Anchi Aeta Mag-Indi Aeta Mariveleño Sambali
one isa isa

Reflexes

Following are the reflexes of Proto-Central Luzon sounds in each language:

  • PCL *s
    • Kapampangan: retained
    • Sambalic: becomes H (with exceptions)
  • PCL *-uy
    • Kapampangan: monophthongized to /i/
    • Sambalic: retained (either as /oj/ or /uj/)
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