User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gérh₂us

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 This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

  • *gr̥h₂ús[1], *gr̥Hús[2]
  • *ǵerh₂ōw ~ *ǵr̥h₂wés[3]
  • *gerōw- ~ *gerū-[4]
  • *ǵérh₂ōw ~ *ǵr̥h₂wós[5]
  • *ǵérh₂ōws ~ *ǵr̥h₂éws ~ *ǵr̥h₂wós[6]

Etymology

From *gerh₂- +‎ *-us.

Noun

*gérh₂us m[7]

  1. crane

Inflection

Older proterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *gérh₂us
genitive *gr̥h₂éws
singular dual plural
nominative *gérh₂us *gérh₂uh₁(e) *gérh₂ewes
vocative *gérh₂u *gérh₂uh₁(e) *gérh₂ewes
accusative *gérh₂um *gérh₂uh₁(e) *gérh₂ums
genitive *gr̥h₂éws *? *gr̥h₂éwoHom
ablative *gr̥h₂éws *? *gr̥h₂úmos, *gr̥h₂úbʰos
dative *gr̥h₂éwey *? *gr̥h₂úmos, *gr̥h₂úbʰos
locative *gr̥h₂éw, *gr̥h₂éwi *? *gr̥h₂úsu
instrumental *gr̥h₂úh₁ *? *gr̥h₂úmis, *gr̥h₂úbʰis

Later hysterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *gr̥h₂ús
genitive *gr̥h₂éws
singular dual plural
nominative *gr̥h₂ús *gr̥h₂úh₁(e) *gr̥h₂úes
vocative *gr̥h₂ú *gr̥h₂úh₁(e) *gr̥h₂úes
accusative *gr̥h₂úm *gr̥h₂úh₁(e) *gr̥h₂úms
genitive *gr̥h₂éws *? *gr̥h₂éwoHom
ablative *gr̥h₂éws *? *gr̥h₂éwmos, *gr̥h₂éwbʰos
dative *gr̥h₂éwey *? *gr̥h₂éwmos, *gr̥h₂éwbʰos
locative *gr̥h₂éw, *gr̥h₂éwi *? *gr̥h₂éwsu
instrumental *gr̥h₂éwh₁ *? *gr̥h₂éwmis, *gr̥h₂éwbʰis

Derived terms

  • *gérh₂w-o-s (or *gérh₂ōw-yo-s[4], *gérh₂ōw-o-s[8])
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gerˀwas[9]
      • Proto-Slavic: *žeravъ (see there for further descendants)
  • *gérh₂u-yeh₂[4][8] (or *gérh₂w-eh₁[6])

Descendants

  • Proto-Italic: *grūs[6]
    • Latin: grūs (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 291: “*grh₂-u-s”
  2. ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 197
  3. ^ Jakob, Anthony (2017) The metathesis of *-Hu- and *-Hi- in PIE (PhD thesis)‎
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “2. ger-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 383
  5. ^ Kortlandt, F. (1984) “Long vowels in Balto-Slavic”, in Baltistica‎, volume XXI, number 2, →DOI
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “grūs, -uis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274
  7. ^ Kapović, Mate (2017) “Part 1 Chapter 1: Proto-Indo-European phonology”, in Kapović, Mate, editor, The Indo-European Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), 2nd edition, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 17: “PIE *gerh₂n/w- ‘crane’”
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*krana/ōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 301
  9. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gervė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172
  10. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 172: “*zarnā-”
  11. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “z'āṇa”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN: “*zarn-iyā-”
  12. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*⁵gar-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 176: “*źar(a)nuka- с метатезой гласных *źur(a)naka- ― *źar(a)nuka- s metatezoj glasnyx *źur(a)naka-”
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