User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷeh₃-

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*gʷeh₃-^[1]

1. to eat, devour, consume
2. to feed, graze, pasture^[2][3]

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• *gʷeh₃-ti (athematic root present)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: *βω (*bō)
      • ⇒ Ancient Greek: συβώτης (subṓtēs)

• *gʷh₃-sḱ-éti ~ *gʷh₃-sḱ-ónti (*sḱe-present)^[3]
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: βόσκω (bóskō, “to feed, graze”)

• *gʷeh₃-r̥ ~ *gʷh₃-én-s (“food; devouring”)
  • *gʷh₃en- (reanalyzed root)
    • *gʷh₃en-s ~ *gʷh₃n-és
      • *gʷh₃nes- ("to eat, devour", reanalyzed root)
  • *gʷerh₃- ("to devour", reanalyzed root) (< metathesis *gʷeh₃r-)

• *gʷéh₃-s ~ *gʷh₃-és
  • *gʷh₃es- (reanalyzed root)

• *gʷéh₃-u-s ~ *gʷh₃-éw-s^[2][3]
  • (possibly) *gʷh₃éw- (reanalyzed root)^[4]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: (“to receive, obtain”)
      • Latvian: gaut
      • Lithuanian: gáuti
      • Old Prussian: pogaūt

• *gʷh₃-éy-ti (*éy-present)
  • *gʷh₃éy- (reanalyzed root)
    • *gʷh₃éy-to-s^[3]
      • Proto-Celtic: *bētos (“food”)^[5]
        • Proto-Brythonic: *buɨd
          • Middle Breton: boet, bouet
            • Breton: boued
          • Old Cornish: buit
            • Cornish: bos, boys
          • Middle Welsh: bwyt
            • Welsh: bwyd
    • *gʷh₃ey-wó-s
      • *gʷh₃iwo-tó-s
        • Proto-Celtic: *biwotos (“food”)^[5]
          • Old Irish: biad
        • Proto-Hellenic:
          • Ancient Greek: βῐ́οτος (bíotos, “food, sustenance”)

• *gʷh₃-tó-s^[3]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: gúotas (“group, flock, shoal”)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: βοτόν (botón)

Unsorted formations

• Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  • Latvian: gņę̃gât (“to eat slowly”)