adbar

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Old Irish

Etymology

Perhaps from ad- +‎ the root of feraid (“grant, afford, supply”) and fo·fera (“prepare, provide; cause”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

adbar n

  1. material, matter (kind of substance)
    • c. 850, Karlsruhe Glosses on Augustine, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 8, l. 32:
      adbar
      elimentum (“element”)
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 138c3
      isa n-adbar nephdelbaigthe
      informemque materiam (“into the unformed material”)
  2. reason (excuse, explanation; motive for an action or determination; a cause)
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 17d17
      ci ad·cobrinn móidim do dénum ni bói adbar híc
      though I desired to make a boast, there was no cause here
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 20a9
      rot·bia adbar fáilte
      you sg will have cause of joy

Declension

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative adbarN adbarN adbarL, adbara
Vocative adbarN adbarN adbarL, adbara
Accusative adbarN adbarN adbarL, adbara
Genitive adbairL adbar adbarN
Dative adburL adbaraib adbaraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: ábhar
  • Manx: oyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: adhbhar

Mutation

Mutation of adbar
radical lenition nasalization
adbar
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) 		unchanged n-adbar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 518

Further reading

Wikious
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Sagapedia