amddiffyn

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Welsh

Etymology

am- +‎ diffyn, from Proto-Brythonic *difɨnnɨd, from Vulgar Latin *dīfendō, from Latin dēfendō (“defend”).

Pronunciation

Verb

amddiffyn (first-person singular present amddiffynnaf)

  1. to protect, defend

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future amddiffynnaf amddiffynni amddiffyn, amddiffynna amddiffynnwn amddiffynnwch amddiffynnant amddiffynnir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		amddiffynnwn amddiffynnit amddiffynnai amddiffynnem amddiffynnech amddiffynnent amddiffynnid
preterite amddiffynnais amddiffynnaist amddiffynnodd amddiffynasom amddiffynasoch amddiffynasant amddiffynnwyd
pluperfect amddiffynaswn amddiffynasit amddiffynasai amddiffynasem amddiffynasech amddiffynasent amddiffynasid, amddiffynesid
present subjunctive amddiffynnwyf amddiffynnych amddiffynno amddiffynnom amddiffynnoch amddiffynnont amddiffynner
imperative — amddiffynna amddiffynned amddiffynnwn amddiffynnwch amddiffynnent amddiffynner
verbal noun amddiffyn
verbal adjectives amddiffynedig
amddiffynadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future amddiffynna i, amddiffynnaf i amddiffynni di amddiffynnith o/e/hi, amddiffynniff e/hi amddiffynnwn ni amddiffynnwch chi amddiffynnan nhw
conditional amddifynnwn i, amddifynswn i amddifynnet ti, amddifynset ti amddiffynnai fo/fe/hi, amddifynsai fo/fe/hi amddifynnen ni, amddifynsen ni amddifynnech chi, amddifynsech chi amddifynnen nhw, amddifynsen nhw
preterite amddiffynnais i, amddiffynnes i amddiffynnaist ti, amddiffynnest ti amddiffynnodd o/e/hi amddiffynnon ni amddiffynnoch chi amddiffynnon nhw
imperative — amddiffynna — — amddiffynnwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
amddiffyn unchanged unchanged hamddiffyn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “amddiffynnaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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