apstal

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Irish

Noun

apstal m (genitive singular apstail, nominative plural apstail)

  1. Alternative form of aspal (“apostle”)

Declension

Declension of apstal

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative apstal apstail
Vocative a apstail a apstala
Genitive apstail apstal
Dative apstal apstail

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an t-apstal na hapstail
Genitive an apstail na n-apstal
Dative leis an apstal

don apstal

leis na hapstail

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
apstal n-apstal hapstal t-apstal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “one sent forth, apostle”).

Pronunciation

Noun

apstal m

  1. (Christianity) apostle
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18d14
      Ní airegdu a persan-som ol·daas persan na n‑abstal olchene, ceto thoísegu i n‑iriss.
      Their persons are not more eminent than the persons of the rest of the apostles, though they are prior in faith.
      (literally, “Their person is not … than the person of …”)
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 20c21
      Is dó da·gníat: maith leu indocbál apstal doib et ní fodmat ingreimm ar chroich Críst.
      It is for this they do it: they like to have the glory of apostles, and they do not endure persecution for the cross of Christ.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 38c3
      Ní hé apstal cita·rogab in testimin so. Aliter: Ní fou da·uc int apstal fon chéill fuand·rogab in fáith.
      It is not (the) apostle who first uttered this text. Otherwise: The apostle did not apply it in the sense in which the prophet uttered it.

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative apstal, apstol apstalL, apstol apstailL, apstil
Vocative apstail, apstil apstalL, apstol apstaluH
Accusative apstalN, apstol apstalL, apstol apstaluH
Genitive apstailL, apstil apstal, apstol apstalN, apstol
Dative apstulL apstalaib apstalaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Irish: aspal
  • Manx: ostyl
  • Scottish Gaelic: abstol, ostal

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
apstal
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) 		unchanged n-apstal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia