bolg

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish bolg, from Proto-Celtic *bolgos.

Pronunciation

Noun

bolg m (genitive singular boilg, nominative plural boilg)

  1. belly, stomach, abdomen
  2. (by extension) bellyful
  3. (geology, astronomy, etc.) bulge, broad part, middle (of equator, galaxy, etc.)
  4. bag
  5. (nautical) hold (of ship)
  6. (nautical) bunt, belly (of sail)

Declension

Declension of bolg

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative bolg boilg
Vocative a bhoilg a bholga
Genitive boilg bolg
Dative bolg boilg

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an bolg na boilg
Genitive an bhoilg na mbolg
Dative leis an mbolg

don bholg

leis na boilg

Derived terms

Verb

bolg (present analytic bolgann, future analytic bolgfaidh, verbal noun bolgadh, past participle bolgtha) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. bulge
  2. blister

Conjugation

conjugation of bolg (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present bolgaim bolgann tú;
bolgair† 		bolgann sé, sí bolgaimid bolgann sibh bolgann siad;
bolgaid† 		a bholgann; a bholgas /
a mbolgann*; a mbolgas* 		bolgtar
past bholg mé; bholgas bholg tú; bholgais bholg sé, sí bholgamar; bholg muid bholg sibh; bholgabhair bholg siad; bholgadar a bholg /
ar bholg* 		bolgadh
past habitual bholgainn / mbolgainn‡‡ bholgtá / mbolgtᇇ bholgadh sé, sí / mbolgadh sé, s퇇 bholgaimis; bholgadh muid / mbolgaimis‡‡; mbolgadh muid‡‡ bholgadh sibh / mbolgadh sibh‡‡ bholgaidís; bholgadh siad / mbolgaidís‡‡; mbolgadh siad‡‡ a bholgadh /
a mbolgadh* 		bholgtaí / mbolgta퇇
future bolgfaidh mé;
bolgfad 		bolgfaidh tú;
bolgfair† 		bolgfaidh sé, sí bolgfaimid;
bolgfaidh muid 		bolgfaidh sibh bolgfaidh siad;
bolgfaid† 		a bholgfaidh; a bholgfas /
a mbolgfaidh*; a mbolgfas* 		bolgfar
conditional bholgfainn / mbolgfainn‡‡ bholgfá / mbolgfᇇ bholgfadh sé, sí / mbolgfadh sé, s퇇 bholgfaimis; bholgfadh muid / mbolgfaimis‡‡; mbolgfadh muid‡‡ bholgfadh sibh / mbolgfadh sibh‡‡ bholgfaidís; bholgfadh siad / mbolgfaidís‡‡; mbolgfadh siad‡‡ a bholgfadh /
a mbolgfadh* 		bholgfaí / mbolgfa퇇
subjunctive present go mbolga mé;
go mbolgad† 		go mbolga tú;
go mbolgair† 		go mbolga sé, sí go mbolgaimid;
go mbolga muid 		go mbolga sibh go mbolga siad;
go mbolgaid† 		— go mbolgtar
past dá mbolgainn dá mbolgtá dá mbolgadh sé, sí dá mbolgaimis;
dá mbolgadh muid 		dá mbolgadh sibh dá mbolgaidís;
dá mbolgadh siad 		— dá mbolgtaí
imperative bolgaim bolg bolgadh sé, sí bolgaimis bolgaigí;
bolgaidh† 		bolgaidís — bolgtar
verbal noun bolgadh
past participle bolgtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Descendants

  • →⇒? Yola: wurgheere

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
bolg bholg mbolg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 53
  2. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47

Further reading

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish bolg, from Proto-Celtic *bolgos.

Pronunciation

Noun

bolg m (genitive singular bolgey, plural builg)

  1. belly, stomach, abdomen, tummy
  2. corporation
  3. bilge
  4. bowl (of lamp)

Derived terms

Mutation

Manx mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
bolg volg molg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *bolgos (“belly”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).

Noun

bolg m (genitive builg, nominative plural builg)

  1. belly, stomach
  2. bag, satchel
  3. bellows
Inflection
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative bolg bolgL builgL
Vocative builg bolgL bolguH
Accusative bolgN bolgL bolguH
Genitive builgL bolg bolgN
Dative bolgL bolgaib bolgaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bolg f (genitive unattested, nominative plural bolga)

  1. blister, bubble, puffball
  2. bud
  3. boss
Inflection
Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative bolgL builgL bolgaH
Vocative bolgL builgL bolgaH
Accusative builgN builgL bolgaH
Genitive builgeH bolgL bolgN
Dative builgL bolgaib bolgaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
bolg bolg
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ 		mbolg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia