calonogi

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Welsh

Etymology

From calonnog (“hearty”) +‎ -i.

Verb

calonogi (first-person singular present calonogaf)

  1. to encourage, to hearten

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future calonogaf calonogi calonoga calonogwn calonogwch calonogant calonogir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		calonogwn calonogit calonogai calonogem calonogech calonogent calonogid
preterite calonogais calonogaist calonogodd calonogasom calonogasoch calonogasant calonogwyd
pluperfect calonogaswn calonogasit calonogasai calonogasem calonogasech calonogasent calonogasid, calonogesid
present subjunctive calonogwyf calonogych calonogo calonogom calonogoch calonogont calonoger
imperative — calonoga calonoged calonogwn calonogwch calonogent calonoger
verbal noun calonogi
verbal adjectives calonogedig
calonogadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future calonoga i, calonogaf i calonogi di calonogith o/e/hi, calonogiff e/hi calonogwn ni calonogwch chi calonogan nhw
conditional calonogwn i, calonogswn i calonoget ti, calonogset ti calonogai fo/fe/hi, calonogsai fo/fe/hi calonogen ni, calonogsen ni calonogech chi, calonogsech chi calonogen nhw, calonogsen nhw
preterite calonogais i, calonoges i calonogaist ti, calonogest ti calonogodd o/e/hi calonogon ni calonogoch chi calonogon nhw
imperative — calonoga — — calonogwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of calonogi
radical soft nasal aspirate
calonogi galonogi nghalonogi chalonogi

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “calonogi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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