cathaigh

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish cathaigid.^[1]. By surface analysis, cath (“battle”) +‎ -aigh.

Verb

cathaigh (present analytic cathaíonn, future analytic cathóidh, verbal noun cathú, past participle cathaithe) (literary)

to fight, battle
to tempt

Conjugation

conjugation of cathaigh (second conjugation)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
indicative	present	cathaím	cathaíonn tú; cathaír^†	cathaíonn sé, sí	cathaímid; cathaíonn muid	cathaíonn sibh	cathaíonn siad; cathaíd^†	a chathaíonn; a chathaíos / a gcathaíonn*	cathaítear
	past	chathaigh mé; chathaíos	chathaigh tú; chathaís	chathaigh sé, sí	chathaíomar; chathaigh muid	chathaigh sibh; chathaíobhair	chathaigh siad; chathaíodar	a chathaigh / ar chathaigh*	cathaíodh
	past habitual	chathaínn / gcathaínn‡‡	chathaíteá / gcathaíteá‡‡	chathaíodh sé, sí / gcathaíodh sé, sí‡‡	chathaímis; chathaíodh muid / gcathaímis‡‡; gcathaíodh muid‡‡	chathaíodh sibh / gcathaíodh sibh‡‡	chathaídís; chathaíodh siad / gcathaídís‡‡; gcathaíodh siad‡‡	a chathaíodh / a gcathaíodh*	chathaítí / gcathaítí‡‡
future		cathóidh mé; cathód; cathóchaidh mé^†	cathóidh tú; cathóir^†; cathóchaidh tú^†	cathóidh sé, sí; cathóchaidh sé, sí^†	cathóimid; cathóidh muid; cathóchaimid^†; cathóchaidh muid^†	cathóidh sibh; cathóchaidh sibh^†	cathóidh siad; cathóid^†; cathóchaidh siad^†	a chathóidh; a chathós; a chathóchaidh^†; a chathóchas^† / a gcathóidh; a gcathóchaidh^†	cathófar; cathóchar^†
conditional		chathóinn; chathóchainn^† / gcathóinn‡‡; gcathóchainn^†‡‡	chathófá; chathóchthá^† / gcathófá‡‡; gcathóchthá^†‡‡	chathódh sé, sí; chathóchadh sé, sí^† / gcathódh sé, sí‡‡; gcathóchadh sé, sí^†‡‡	chathóimis; chathódh muid; chathóchaimis^†; chathóchadh muid^† / gcathóimis‡‡; gcathódh muid‡‡; gcathóchaimis^†‡‡; gcathóchadh muid^†‡‡	chathódh sibh; chathóchadh sibh^† / gcathódh sibh‡‡; gcathóchadh sibh^†‡‡	chathóidís; chathódh siad; chathóchadh siad^† / gcathóidís‡‡; gcathódh siad‡‡; gcathóchadh siad^†‡‡	a chathódh; a chathóchadh^† / a gcathódh; a gcathóchadh^†	chathófaí; chathóchthaí^† / gcathófaí‡‡; gcathóchthaí^†‡‡
subjunctive	present	go gcathaí mé; go gcathaíod^†	go gcathaí tú; go gcathaír^†	go gcathaí sé, sí	go gcathaímid; go gcathaí muid	go gcathaí sibh	go gcathaí siad; go gcathaíd^†	—	go gcathaítear
subjunctive	past	dá gcathaínn	dá gcathaíteá	dá gcathaíodh sé, sí	dá gcathaímis; dá gcathaíodh muid	dá gcathaíodh sibh	dá gcathaídís; dá gcathaíodh siad	—	dá gcathaítí
imperative		cathaím	cathaigh	cathaíodh sé, sí	cathaímis	cathaígí; cathaídh^†	cathaídís	—	cathaítear
verbal noun		cathú
past participle		cathaithe

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Usage notes

While the verbal noun cathú is still the ordinary word for “temptation”, the finite verb cathaigh is now rarely used in the colloquial language.

Synonyms

(fight, battle): troid, streachail
(tempt): cuir cathú ar

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

cathaigh

vocative/genitive singular of cathach m
(archaic or dialectal) dative singular of cathach f

Adjective

cathaigh

inflection of cathach:
1. masculine vocative/genitive singular
2. (archaic or dialectal) feminine dative singular

Mutation

Mutated forms of *cathaigh*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
cathaigh	chathaigh	gcathaigh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cathaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

[1] Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cathaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

[1]