chłopak

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Masurian

Etymology

From chłop +‎ -ak. Compare Polish chłopak.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Syllabification: chło‧pak

Noun

chłopak m pers

  1. boy (young male child)
  2. boyfriend; boy (male romantic partner, usually not married)
  3. boy colt (young male horse)

Further reading

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “chłopak”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 290

Polish

Etymology

From chłop +‎ -ak. Originally from the Mazovian dialect (compare Masurian chłopak), as there is a tendency to use the suffix -ak instead of -ę to create young nouns (compare Polish dziecię vs Polish dzieciak, źrebię vs źrebak). First attested in 1731.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxwɔ.pak/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈxɫɔ.pak/
  • Audio 1(file)
  • Audio 2(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔpak
  • Syllabification: chło‧pak

Noun

chłopak m pers (diminutive chłopiec)

  1. boy (young male child)
    Synonyms: chłopiec, pacholę
  2. boy (son; male offspring)
    Synonyms: chłopiec, syn, synuś
  3. boy (young man)
    Synonyms: chłopiec, chłoptaś, chłoptyś, młodzieniec
  4. boyfriend; boy (male romantic partner, usually not married)
    Synonym: chłopiec
  5. (dated) boy (young man performing menial work in some place or plant)
    Synonym: chłopiec
  6. (colloquial) boy (male representative of an animal species, usually a dog)
  7. (chiefly in the vocative) term of address towards a male seen lower in a hierarchy; boy

Declension

Declension of chłopak
singular plural
nominative chłopak chłopacy/chłopaki (deprecative)
genitive chłopaka chłopaków
dative chłopakowi chłopakom
accusative chłopaka chłopaków
instrumental chłopakiem chłopakami
locative chłopaku chłopakach
vocative chłopaku chłopacy

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), chłopak is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 0 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 0 times in essays, 32 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 64 times, making it the 1019th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “chłop”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  2. ^ Mańczak, Witold (2017) “chłop”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
  3. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “chłopak”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  4. ^ Karol Mikołaj Juniewicz (1731) Refleksye duchowne ná mądry krolá Sálomoná sentyment oraz ná krotkość żyćia ludzkiego, śmierć, sąd straszny, wieczność szczęśliwą y nieszczęśliwą ‎ (in Polish), page 42
  5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “chłopak”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 47

Further reading

Wikious
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Sagapedia