cramer

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See also: Cramer

French

FWOTD – 13 June 2024

Etymology

Borrowed from Occitan cramar, cremar, from Latin cremāre. Doublet of crémer.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kʁa.me/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

cramer

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to burn
  2. (slang) to smoke (a cigarette)
  3. (slang) to have one's identity found out or discovered
    • J’ai trop peur qu’il pense que je suis cramé ou, pire, que pour sauver ma peau, ils m’ont retourné et que je suis devenu un agent double.
      I am very afraid that he thought I had been found out, or worse, that to save my skin, they had sent me back and I had become a double agent.
      (Djahanshah Bakhtiar, Moi Iranien espion de la CIA et du Mossad, Éditions du moment, 2014, chapter 10.)

Conjugation

Conjugation of cramer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple cramer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple cramant
/kʁa.mɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle cramé
/kʁa.me/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present crame
/kʁam/ 		crames
/kʁam/ 		crame
/kʁam/ 		cramons
/kʁa.mɔ̃/ 		cramez
/kʁa.me/ 		crament
/kʁam/
imperfect cramais
/kʁa.mɛ/ 		cramais
/kʁa.mɛ/ 		cramait
/kʁa.mɛ/ 		cramions
/kʁa.mjɔ̃/ 		cramiez
/kʁa.mje/ 		cramaient
/kʁa.mɛ/
past historic2 cramai
/kʁa.me/ 		cramas
/kʁa.ma/ 		crama
/kʁa.ma/ 		cramâmes
/kʁa.mam/ 		cramâtes
/kʁa.mat/ 		cramèrent
/kʁa.mɛʁ/
future cramerai
/kʁam.ʁe/ 		crameras
/kʁam.ʁa/ 		cramera
/kʁam.ʁa/ 		cramerons
/kʁam.ʁɔ̃/ 		cramerez
/kʁam.ʁe/ 		crameront
/kʁam.ʁɔ̃/
conditional cramerais
/kʁam.ʁɛ/ 		cramerais
/kʁam.ʁɛ/ 		cramerait
/kʁam.ʁɛ/ 		cramerions
/kʁa.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		crameriez
/kʁa.mə.ʁje/ 		crameraient
/kʁam.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present crame
/kʁam/ 		crames
/kʁam/ 		crame
/kʁam/ 		cramions
/kʁa.mjɔ̃/ 		cramiez
/kʁa.mje/ 		crament
/kʁam/
imperfect2 cramasse
/kʁa.mas/ 		cramasses
/kʁa.mas/ 		cramât
/kʁa.ma/ 		cramassions
/kʁa.ma.sjɔ̃/ 		cramassiez
/kʁa.ma.sje/ 		cramassent
/kʁa.mas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — crame
/kʁam/ 		— cramons
/kʁa.mɔ̃/ 		cramez
/kʁa.me/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

Wikious
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Sagapedia