cynhesu

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Welsh

Etymology

From cynnes (“warm”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

Verb

cynhesu (first-person singular present cynhesaf)

  1. to become warm, to warm up, to heat up
    Synonym: twymo
    Antonym: oeri
  2. to make warm, to warm up, to heat, to heat up
    Synonym: twymo
    Antonym: oeri

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future cynhesaf cynhesi cynhesa cynheswn cynheswch cynhesant cynhesir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		cynheswn cynhesit cynhesai cynhesem cynhesech cynhesent cynhesid
preterite cynhesais cynhesaist cynhesodd cynesasom cynesasoch cynesasant cynheswyd
pluperfect cynesaswn cynesasit cynesasai cynesasem cynesasech cynesasent cynesasid, cynesesid
present subjunctive cynheswyf cynhesych cynheso cynhesom cynhesoch cynhesont cynheser
imperative — cynhesa cynhesed cynheswn cynheswch cynhesent cynheser
verbal noun cynhesu
verbal adjectives cynesedig
cynesadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future cynhesa i, cynhesaf i cynhesi di cynhesith o/e/hi, cynhesiff e/hi cynheswn ni cynheswch chi cynhesan nhw
conditional cynheswn i cynheset ti cynhesai fo/fe/hi cynhesen ni cynhesech chi cynhesen nhw
preterite cynhesais i, cynheses i cynhesaist ti, cynhesest ti cynhesodd o/e/hi cynheson ni cynhesoch chi cynheson nhw
imperative — cynhesa — — cynheswch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of cynhesu
radical soft nasal aspirate
cynhesu gynhesu nghynhesu chynhesu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cynhesu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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