dían

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "dian"

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₁- (“fly, move swiftly”); compare Ancient Greek δίεμαι (díemai, “hasten”), Sanskrit दीयति (dī́yati, “fly”).[1]

Pronunciation

Adjective

dían (equative dénithir, comparative déniu)

  1. swift, rapid, quick
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112b12
      Is déniu ad·ciam húa ṡúlib risíu ro·cloammar in fogur húa chluasaib, ut est is toísigiu ad·ciam teilciud in béla resíu ro·cloammar a guth sidi.
      We see more quickly with the eyes before we hear the sound with the ears, ut est we see the throwing of the axe sooner before we hear the sound of this.
  2. sudden, hasty
  3. impetuous, vehement, violent

Declension

o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative dían dían dían
Vocative déin*
dían**
Accusative dían déin
Genitive déin déine déin
Dative dían déin dían
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative déin díana
Vocative díanu
díana†
Accusative díanu
díana†
Genitive dían
Dative díanaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants

  • Irish: dian
  • Scottish Gaelic: dian
  • Manx: jeean

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
dían dían
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ 		ndían
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dēno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 95

Further reading

Wikious
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