gazda
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Hungarian
Etymology
First attested in c. 1177. Borrowed from a Slavic language. Compare Proto-Slavic *gostьpoda. See Slovak gazda, Serbo-Croatian gazda.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
gazda (plural gazdák)
Declension
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | gazda | gazdák |
| accusative | gazdát | gazdákat |
| dative | gazdának | gazdáknak |
| instrumental | gazdával | gazdákkal |
| causal-final | gazdáért | gazdákért |
| translative | gazdává | gazdákká |
| terminative | gazdáig | gazdákig |
| essive-formal | gazdaként | gazdákként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | gazdában | gazdákban |
| superessive | gazdán | gazdákon |
| adessive | gazdánál | gazdáknál |
| illative | gazdába | gazdákba |
| sublative | gazdára | gazdákra |
| allative | gazdához | gazdákhoz |
| elative | gazdából | gazdákból |
| delative | gazdáról | gazdákról |
| ablative | gazdától | gazdáktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
gazdáé | gazdáké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
gazdáéi | gazdákéi |
| Possessive forms of gazda | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | gazdám | gazdáim |
| 2nd person sing. | gazdád | gazdáid |
| 3rd person sing. | gazdája | gazdái |
| 1st person plural | gazdánk | gazdáink |
| 2nd person plural | gazdátok | gazdáitok |
| 3rd person plural | gazdájuk | gazdáik |
Derived terms
Compound words
Expressions
Descendants
- → Bulgarian: га́зда (gázda) (dialectal)
- → Czech: gazda (dialectal)
- → Macedonian: газда (gazda)
- → Old Ruthenian: кгазда (gazda), ґазда (gazda)
- → Old Slovak: gazda
- → Polish: gazda
- → Romanian: gazdă
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Slovene: gȃzda (tonal orthography)
References
- ^ gazda in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- gazda in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from Hungarian gazda.[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
gazda m pers (female equivalent gaździna)
- (agriculture, chiefly Podhale, Żywiec) Goral farmer
Declension
Declension of gazda
Derived terms
verbs
- gazdować impf
References
- ^ gazda in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “gazda”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
Further reading
- gazda in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Izydor Kopernicki (1875) “gazda”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I), volume 3, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 370
- Leon Rzeszowski (1891) “gazda”, in “Spis wyrazów ludowych z okolic Żywca”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume 4, Krakow: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 355
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Borrowed from Hungarian gazda, from a Slavic language; see Proto-Slavic *gostьpoda.
Pronunciation
Noun
gȁzda m (Cyrillic spelling га̏зда)
Declension
Declension of gazda
See also
Further reading
- “gazda”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
Slovak
Etymology
Inherited from Old Slovak gazda, borrowed from Hungarian gazda, from a Slavic language; see Proto-Slavic *gostьpoda.
Pronunciation
Noun
gazda m pers (relational adjective gazdovský, diminutive gazdík or gazdíček or gazdíčko)
Declension
Declension of gazda (pattern hrdina)
Further reading
- “gazda”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024