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Old English
Etymology
From the same root as Proto-Germanic *gawjaną with a different ablaut grade (-ō-) in the root.[1] Compare *ġīeġan, ġēġan from Proto-West-Germanic *gauwjan. The weak class 2 formation (compare twēoġan, sċōġan) would correspond to the following reconstructions in linguistic stages ancestral to Old English: northern Ingvaeonic *gō(w)ōjan, Proto-West Germanic *gō(w)ōn, Proto-Germanic *gō(w)ōną.
Pronunciation
Verb
gōian (Anglian)[3]
- to sigh, groan; to lament
Conjugation
Derived terms
References
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒaujanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 128: “OE ȝóian 'to lament' < *ȝōwjanan.”
- ^ Hogg, Richard M., Fulk, R. D. (2011) A Grammar of Old English, volume 2. Morphology, page 287: “Also of obscure origin is *gōġ(e)an ‘lament’, to which the attested forms are Bede 1 16.88.17 gōiende pres.part. and 16.88.15 gōað pres.ind.3sg., analogical for *gōð: cf. corrupted gǣð, gēþ amongst the manuscript variants (see T. Miller, 1890–8: II, 71).”
- ^ Grant, Raymond J. S. (1989) The B Text of the Old English Bede: A Linguistic Commentary, pages 174-175, 220
Further reading
- Thomas Miller, editor (1890), The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of The English People., volume 1, London, page l
- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “góian”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Hart, J. M. (1901) “Rhetoric in the Translation of Bede”, in An English Miscellany: Presented to Dr. Furnivall in Honour of His Seventy-Fifth Birthday, page 154
- Napier, A. S. (1906) “Contributions to Old English Phonology: Addenda”, in Transactions of the Philological Society, 1903-1906, page 346
- Anderson, John M. (1985) “The Status of Voiced Fricatives in Old English”, in Folia Linguistica Historica, volume 19 (of Folia Linguistica), 6 (of Folia Linguistica Historica), number 2, page 227: “In contracted verbs in particular, an original can come to follow a back vowel (contra what is illustrated by (26.b)), whether a back or a front vowel follows: sceoġeað 'shoe', (verb) plural, goiende 'lamenting', -scoġen 'shoe', subjunctive plural (Campbell 1959: § 761 (7).”