From Middle Welsh gorchymyn, from Proto-Brythonic *gworxumɨnn (compare Old Cornish gurhemin, Middle Breton gourchemenn), from *gwor- (“over”) + *kumɨnn (from Latin commendō (“commend; recommend”). By surface analysis, gor- + cymyn (“testament; bequest”).
gorchymyn (first-person singular present gorchmynnaf)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | gorchmynnaf | gorchmynni | gorchmynna | gorchmynnwn | gorchmynnwch | gorchmynnant | gorchmynnir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gorchmynnwn | gorchmynnit | gorchmynnai | gorchmynnem | gorchmynnech | gorchmynnent | gorchmynnid | |
preterite | gorchmynnais | gorchmynnaist | gorchmynnodd | gorchmynasom | gorchmynasoch | gorchmynasant | gorchmynnwyd | |
pluperfect | gorchmynaswn | gorchmynasit | gorchmynasai | gorchmynasem | gorchmynasech | gorchmynasent | gorchmynasid, gorchmynesid | |
present subjunctive | gorchmynnwyf | gorchmynnych | gorchmynno | gorchmynnom | gorchmynnoch | gorchmynnont | gorchmynner | |
imperative | — | gorchmynna | gorchmynned | gorchmynnwn | gorchmynnwch | gorchmynnent | gorchmynner | |
verbal noun | gorchymyn | |||||||
verbal adjectives | gorchmynedig gorchmynadwy |
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | gorchmynna i, gorchmynnaf i | gorchmynni di | gorchmynnith o/e/hi, gorchmynniff e/hi | gorchmynnwn ni | gorchmynnwch chi | gorchmynnan nhw |
conditional | gorchmynnwn i, gorchmynnswn i | gorchmynnet ti, gorchmynnset ti | gorchmynnai fo/fe/hi, gorchmynnsai fo/fe/hi | gorchmynnen ni, gorchmynnsen ni | gorchmynnech chi, gorchmynnsech chi | gorchmynnen nhw, gorchmynnsen nhw |
preterite | gorchmynnais i, gorchmynnes i | gorchmynnaist ti, gorchmynnest ti | gorchmynnodd o/e/hi | gorchmynnon ni | gorchmynnoch chi | gorchmynnon nhw |
imperative | — | gorchmynna | — | — | gorchmynnwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
gorchymyn m (plural gorchmynion)
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
gorchymyn | orchymyn | ngorchymyn | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.