kesereg

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Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Ugric *kᴕ̈ćɜ (kᴕ̈ćɜ-rɜ) (“bitter”)[1] + -eg (frequentative suffix).[2]

Pronunciation

Verb

kesereg

  1. (intransitive) to grieve, lament over something
  2. (transitive, literary, archaic) to bring up in a bitter way (to talk or write about someone or something with grief)

Conjugation

conjugation of kesereg
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kesergek keseregsz kesereg kesergünk keseregtek keseregnek
Def. kesergem keserged kesergi keseregjük kesergitek kesergik
2nd-p. o. kesereglek ―
Past Indef. keseregtem keseregtél kesergett keseregtünk keseregtetek keseregtek
Def. keseregtem keseregted keseregte keseregtük keseregtétek keseregték
2nd-p. o. keseregtelek ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. keseregni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. kesergék kesergél keserge kesergénk kesergétek kesergének
Def. kesergém kesergéd kesergé kesergénk kesergétek kesergék
2nd-p. o. kesergélek ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kesereg vala, kesergett vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. kesergendek kesergendesz kesergend kesergendünk kesergendetek kesergendenek
Def. kesergendem kesergended kesergendi kesergendjük kesergenditek kesergendik
2nd-p. o. kesergendelek ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. keseregnék keseregnél keseregne keseregnénk keseregnétek keseregnének
Def. keseregném keseregnéd keseregné keseregnénk
(or keseregnők) 		keseregnétek keseregnék
2nd-p. o. keseregnélek ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kesergett volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. keseregjek keseregj or
keseregjél 		keseregjen keseregjünk keseregjetek keseregjenek
Def. keseregjem keseregd or
keseregjed 		keseregje keseregjük keseregjétek keseregjék
2nd-p. o. keseregjelek ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kesergett légyen
Infinitive keseregni keseregnem keseregned keseregnie keseregnünk keseregnetek keseregniük
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
kesergés kesergő kesergett kesergendő keseregve (keseregvén) keseregtet
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of kesereg
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kesereghetek kesereghetsz kesereghet kesereghetünk kesereghettek kesereghetnek
Def. kesereghetem keseregheted keseregheti kesereghetjük kesereghetitek kesereghetik
2nd-p. o. kesereghetlek ―
Past Indef. kesereghettem kesereghettél kesereghetett kesereghettünk kesereghettetek kesereghettek
Def. kesereghettem kesereghetted kesereghette kesereghettük kesereghettétek kesereghették
2nd-p. o. kesereghettelek ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. keseregheték kesereghetél kesereghete keseregheténk kesereghetétek kesereghetének
Def. kesereghetém kesereghetéd keseregheté keseregheténk kesereghetétek keseregheték
2nd-p. o. kesereghetélek ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kesereghet vala, kesereghetett vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. kesereghetendek
or kesergandhatok 		kesereghetendesz
or kesergandhatsz 		kesereghetend
or kesergandhat 		kesereghetendünk
or kesergandhatunk 		kesereghetendetek
or kesergandhattok 		kesereghetendenek
or kesergandhatnak
Def. kesereghetendem
or kesergandhatom 		kesereghetended
or kesergandhatod 		kesereghetendi
or kesergandhatja 		kesereghetendjük
or kesergandhatjuk 		kesereghetenditek
or kesergandhatjátok 		kesereghetendik
or kesergandhatják
2nd-p. o. kesereghetendelek
or kesergandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kesereghetnék kesereghetnél kesereghetne kesereghetnénk kesereghetnétek kesereghetnének
Def. kesereghetném kesereghetnéd kesereghetné kesereghetnénk
(or kesereghetnők) 		kesereghetnétek kesereghetnék
2nd-p. o. kesereghetnélek ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kesereghetett volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kesereghessek kesereghess or
kesereghessél 		kesereghessen kesereghessünk kesereghessetek kesereghessenek
Def. kesereghessem kesereghesd or
kesereghessed 		kesereghesse kesereghessük kesereghessétek kesereghessék
2nd-p. o. kesereghesselek ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kesereghetett légyen
Inf. (kesereghetni) (kesereghetnem) (kesereghetned) (kesereghetnie) (kesereghetnünk) (kesereghetnetek) (kesereghetniük)
Positive adjective kesereghető Neg. adj. kesereghetetlen Adv. part. (kesereghetve / kesereghetvén)

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Entry #1787 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ kesereg in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • kesereg in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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